EXPLAIN HOW IMPULSE TRANSMIT FROM ONE NEURON TO ANOTHER?
Answers
Answer:
Generation and Conduction of Nerve Impulse
➡️ Ion channels are present in neural membrane which is selectively permeable to different ions. When neuron is not conducting impulse (resting), axonal membrane is more permeable to K+ ions and impermeable to Na+ ions.
➡️ Ionic gradient across the resting membrane is maintained by active transport of ions by sodium-potassium pump. This will develop positive charge outside the axonal membrane and negative charge on inner side.
➡️ The electrical potential difference across the resting membrane is called resting potential.
➡️ When stimulus is applied at site A, the membrane becomes permeable to Na+ ions to make rapid influx of Na+ ions to create outer surface negatively charged and inner membrane positively charged that create Action Potential or nerve impulse.
➡️ The nerve impulse from A moves to B in inner surface and B to A on outer surface. This process is repeated several times to transmit the impulse.
➡️ Nerve impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another neuron through synapse.
➡️ There are two types of synapse-
- Electrical synapse- the membrane of pre and post synaptic neuron is very close to each other and current flow directly from one neuron to another.
- Chemical synapse- pre and post synaptic neuron is separated by fluid filled space called synaptic cleft. Neurotransmitters are involved in transmission of impulses.
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When the impulse reaches the end of one neuron (the axon), the impulse reaches a synapse.
A synapse is the space between neurons.
This space is filled with neurotransmitters, chemicals which allow the impulse to travel through the synapse to the next neuron.
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