Explain how Mahatma Gandhi decided to launch the Civil Disobedience Movement in
1930
Answers
Answer:
The Civil Disobedience Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi when British Government not given positive response on his eleven demands. Hence, Mahatma Gandhi had decided to make salt the central formula for Civil Disobedience Movement. This movement was injected with the ideology of disobeying laws, demands and commands of the Government. Here, we are giving the list personalities who were associated with Civil Disobedience movement of British India.
MK Gandhi
Gandhi’s eleven Demands before Civil Disobedience Movement
He presented eleven demands to the Government and gave an ultimatum of January 31, 1930 to accept or reject the demands. The demands were as follows:
Issues of General Interest
1. Reduce expenditure on the military and civil administration by 50 per cent.
2. Introduce total prohibition
3. Carry out reforms in Criminal Investigation Department (CID)
4. Change Arms Act allowing popular control of issue of firearms licences
5. Release all political prisoners
6. Accept the Postal Reservation Bill
Personalities Associated with Swadeshi Movement of British India
Specific Bourgeois Demands
7. Change the ratio between the rupee and the sterling
8. Introduced textile protection
9. Reserve Coastal shipping for Indians
Specific Peasant Demands
10. Reduce land revenue by 50 per cent
11. Abolish salt tax and Government’s salt monopoly
Personalities Associated with Civil Disobedience Movement during British India
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
He formally launched the Civil Disobedience Movement on April 6, 1930 by picking a handful of salt after the completion of historic 'Dandi March' from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi, thus breaking the salt law imposed by the Government. He was the major force behind the movement and inspired grass-root participation in the freedom struggle.
C. Rajagopalachari
He led a salt march from Trichinopoly to Vedaranniyam on the Tanjore coast in Tamil Nadu, in support of the Civil Disobedience Movement. He was arrested on April 30, 1930.
K. Kelappan
He was a Nair Congress leader, launched the Vaikom Satyagraha and marched from Calicut to Payanneer in defiance of salt laws. Jawaharlal Nehru was actively involved in the movement and was arrested on April 17, 19.10 for defiance of the salt law. He formulated a radical agrarian programme and suggested the formation of the Constituent Assembly as the prime political slogan.
P. Krishna Pillai
He defended the national flag and resisted lathi charge on the Calicut beach on November 11, 1930. He later founded the Kerala Communist Movement.
Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan
He formed a clan of non-violent revolutionaries, the Khudai Khidmatgars (known as Red Shirts), who played an active role in the movement.
Sarojini Naidu
She was the first Indian woman to become the president of the Congress, was involved, it a March towards the Dharsana Salt Works, a government salt depot. Other leaders who participated in this totally non-violent affair were Imam Saheb, Gandhi's comrade of the South African struggle, and Manilal, Gandhi's son.