Question

Explain how soil is formed?


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Answer 1

Greetings,

Soil Minerals Form The Basis Of Soil. They Are Produced From Rocks Through The Processes Of Weathering And Natural Erosion.

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$\large\blue{\huge✯}{\mid{\boxed{\mathbb{MindOptimizer}}\mid}}\blue{\huge✯}$

Answer 2

$\large{\underline{\underline{\red{\tt{\purple{\leadsto } Soil :-}}}}}$

$\underline{\blue{\red{\mapsto}\sf \:Some\:facts\:about\: soil:-}}$

• Soil forms the top layer of the earth .
• It takes about 500 - 550 years to form just 1 inch of soil .
• There are various types of soil like Red Soil , Laterite soil , Aluvial soil , Black soil , etc .
• It acts as a filter for underground water .
• About 10% of the world's carbon emision is stored in the soil.
• It provides all the nutrients required for successful plant growth.

$\underline{\pink{\purple{\mapsto}\sf \:Process\:of\: formation\:of\: soil:-}}$

Soil is the thin layer of material covering the earth’s surface . It is formed by weathering of rocks by climate , microorganisms , ferns , etc . It is made up mainly of mineral particles, organic materials, air, water and living organisms which decompose along with the rock particles . Temperature changes or frost can cause rocks to crack and led to weathering . The accumulation of material through the action of water, wind and gravity also contributes to soil formation. Dead leaves of the plants which fall of the ground and other organic substances , etc form a layer of humus and mix with the forming soil to make it fertile .

$\underline{\underline{\tt\green{\longrightarrow The\: factors \:which \:affect\:soil\: formation:-}}}$

The main factors are :-

• Parent material
• Living organisms
• Climate
• Topography
• Time

$\underline{\blue {\sf \orange{\hookrightarrow}Parent\: Material}}$

Different kinds of parent materials determine the conditions under which they break down will influence the properties of the soil formed. For example, soils formed from granite are often sandy and infertile whereas basalt under moist conditions breaks down to form fertile, clay soils.

$\underline{\blue {\sf \orange{\hookrightarrow} Living\: Organisms}}$

As soil forms, plants begin to grow in it. The plants mature, die and new ones take their place. Their leaves and roots are added to the soil. Animals eat plants and their wastes and eventually their bodies are added to the soil.

$\underline{\blue {\sf \orange{\hookrightarrow}Cimate}}$

Temperature , rainfall , etc determine the weathering of rocks . With a colder and drier climate, these processes can be slow but, with heat and moisture, they are relatively rapid. The water carries or leaches these materials down through the soil.

$\underline{\blue {\sf \orange{\hookrightarrow} Topography}}$

The shape, length and grade of a slope affects drainage. The aspect of a slope determines the type of vegetation and indicates the amount of rainfall received.

$\underline{\blue {\sf \orange{\hookrightarrow} Time}}$

Soil properties may vary depending on how long the soil has been weathered.

Minerals from rocks are further weathered to form materials such as clays and oxides of iron and aluminium.