Question

explain how the DC generator work

Answer 1

There are two types of generators, one is ac generator and other is DC generator. Whatever may be the types of generators, it always converts mechanical power to electrical power. An AC generator produces alternating power. A DC generator produces direct power. Both of these generators produce electrical power, based on same fundamental principle of Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. According to this law, when a conductor moves in a magnetic field it cuts magnetic lines of force, due to which an emf is induced in the conductor. The magnitude of this induced emf depends upon the rate of change of flux (magnetic line force) linkage with the conductor. This emf will cause a current to flow if the conductor circuit is closed.

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Answer 2

$\red{\bf{Hello!}}$

$\star\: \bf{DC\:Generator}$ :

Works on the phenomenon of $\underline{\sf Electromagnetic \:induction}$.

This principle is also employed to produce large currents for use in homes and industry. In an electric generator, mechanical energy is used to rotate a conductor in a magnetic field to produce electricity.

An electric generator, consists of a rotating rectangular coil ABCD placed between the two poles of a permanent magnet. The two ends of this coil are connected to the two rings R₁ and R₂.

The inner side of these rings are made insulated. The two conducting stationary brushes B₁ and B₂ are kept pressed separately on the rings R₁ and R₂, respectively.

The two rings R₁ and R₂ are internally attached to an axle. The axle may be mechanically rotated from outside to rotate the coil inside the magnetic field. Outer ends of the two brushes are connected to the galvanometer to show the flow of current in the given external circuit.

When the axle attached to the two rings is rotated such that the arm AB moves up and the arm CD moves down in the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet.

From $\underline{\sf Fleming's}$ right-hand rule, the induced currents are set up in these arms along the directions AB and CD. Thus an induced current flows in the direction ABCD.

If there are larger numbers of turns in the coil, the current generated in each turn adds up to give a large current through the coil. This means that the current in the external circuit flows from B₂ to B₁.

One brush is at all times in contact with the arm moving up in the field, while the other is in contact with the arm moving down. We have seen the working of a split ring commutator in the case of an electric motor.

Therefore, an $\underline{\sf Unidirectional \:current}$ is produced.

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