Question

Explain how the element sodium is monovalen.

Answer 1

Sodium is a monovalent element. Physically it is a metal. Belongs to 1st group of periodic table. Symbol- Na. (Derived from Natrium - a Latin word)

This group elements are known as Alkali metals. Because they form strong bases when react with hydroxide (OH) groups.

(Alkali- a substance that forms a salt when mixed with an acid.)

Example: NaOH., KOH,

When you see the electronic configuration of sodium 1S^2 ,2S^2, 2P^6,3S^1.

The no of Valence electrons are 1.

Inorder to attain stability(octet /noble gas configuration) it needs to gain 7 electrons or loose 1 electron. The latter is possible. Hence it will loose 1 electron.

The term”monovalent” indicates the no.of electrons present in Valence shell i.e. outermost shell of an element.

Note:1- not only sodium but all the 1st group elements are known as monovalent elements. 2-The Valence of electrons increases from left to right in periodic table which indicates the no.of electrons present in outermost shell.

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