explain how to separate mixtures and solutions
Answers
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Mixtures can be separated using a variety of techniques.
Chromatography involves solvent separation on a solid medium.
Distillation takes advantage of differences in boiling points.
Evaporation removes a liquid from a solution to leave a solid material.
Filtration separates solids of different sizes.
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Answer:
Mixtures can be separated using various separation methods such filtration, separating funnel, sublimation, simple distillation and paper chromatography.
1. Distillation.
If two substances have different boiling points and are mixed together, you can boil them and the one with the lower boiling point will evaporate out.
2. Chromatography .
If you've ever done the experiments where you draw colored dots on a paper towel and dip it in water, this is that. Chromatography is when a substance is carried away (through the towel in this case) or spread around by the absorption of water. You can also think of a spill on a rug.
3. Crystallization.
For a supersaturated solution, you can choose to let the solute crystallize out. Example: Rock candy (sugar solution)
4. Filtration/decanting.
Sort them out by particle size using a selective membrane such as filter paper.
The video below shows how filtration can be used to separate calcium carbonate (chalk) from water.