Question

Explain how transformation of forest in Java similar to deforestation in India ???​

Answer 1

Answer:

Scientific forestry in India began with the British and in Java under Dutch rule. The shifting cultivation by the natives as well as pasturing banned in forests. For carrying wood without a permit and walking on forest roads with cattle, people punished under the forest laws

Answer 2

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Jᴀᴠᴀ ɪs ᴀ ғᴀᴍᴏᴜs ʀɪᴄᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄɪɴɢ ɪsʟᴀɴᴅ ᴏғ Iɴᴅᴏɴᴇsɪᴀ. Iɴ ᴘᴀsᴛ ʏᴇᴀʀs, ɪᴛ ᴡᴀs ᴍᴏsᴛʟʏ ᴄᴏᴠᴇʀᴇᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛs. Tʜᴇ ᴄᴏʟᴏɴɪᴀʟ ᴘᴏᴡᴇʀ ɪɴ Iɴᴅᴏɴᴇsɪᴀ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇ Dᴜᴛᴄʜ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴡᴀɴᴛᴇᴅ ᴛɪᴍʙᴇʀ ғʀᴏᴍ Jᴀᴠᴀ ᴛᴏ ʙᴜɪʟᴅ sʜɪᴘs.

Tʜᴇʀᴇ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴍᴀɴʏ sɪᴍɪʟᴀʀɪᴛɪᴇs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʟᴀᴡs ғᴏʀ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛ ᴄᴏɴᴛʀᴏʟ ɪɴ Iɴᴅᴏɴᴇsɪᴀ ᴀɴᴅ Iɴᴅɪᴀ. Iɴ Jᴀᴠᴀ, ᴛʜᴇʀᴇ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴠɪʟʟᴀɢᴇs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴇʀᴛɪʟᴇ ᴘʟᴀɪɴs ʙᴜᴛ ᴍᴀɴʏ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴜɴɪᴛɪᴇs ʟɪᴠɪɴɢ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏᴜɴᴛᴀɪɴs ᴜsᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴘʀᴀᴄᴛɪᴄᴇ sʜɪғᴛɪɴɢ ᴄᴜʟᴛɪᴠᴀᴛɪᴏɴ.

Tʜᴇ Wᴏᴏᴅᴄᴜᴛᴛᴇʀs ᴏғ Jᴀᴠᴀ:-

Tʜᴇ Kᴀʟᴀɴɢs ᴏғ Jᴀᴠᴀ ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴀ ᴄᴏᴍᴍᴜɴɪᴛʏ ᴏғ sᴋɪʟʟᴇᴅ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛ ᴄᴜᴛᴛᴇʀs ᴀɴᴅ sʜɪғᴛɪɴɢ ᴄᴜʟᴛɪᴠᴀᴛᴏʀs.

Wɪᴛʜᴏᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴇxᴘᴇʀᴛɪsᴇ, ɪᴛ ᴡᴏᴜʟᴅ ʜᴀᴠᴇ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴅɪғғɪᴄᴜʟᴛ ᴛᴏ ʜᴀʀᴠᴇsᴛ,ᴛᴇᴀᴋ ᴀɴᴅ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴋɪɴɢs ᴛᴏ ʙᴜɪʟᴅ ᴛʜᴇɪʀ ᴘᴀʟᴀᴄᴇs. Wʜᴇɴ ᴛʜᴇ Dᴜᴛᴄʜ ʙᴇɢᴀɴ ᴛᴏ ɢᴀɪɴ ᴄᴏɴᴛʀᴏʟ ᴏᴠᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ 18ᴛʜ ᴄᴇɴᴛᴜʀʏ, ᴛʜᴇʏ ᴛʀɪᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴍᴀᴋᴇ ᴛʜᴇ Kᴀʟᴀɴɢs ᴡᴏʀᴋ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇᴍ. Iɴ 1770, ᴛʜᴇ Kᴀʟᴀɴɢs ʀᴇsɪsᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴀᴛᴛᴀᴄᴋɪɴɢ ᴀ Dᴜᴛᴄʜ ғᴏʀᴛ ᴀᴛ Jᴏᴀɴᴀ, ʙᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴜᴘʀɪsɪɴɢ ᴡᴀs sᴜᴘᴘʀᴇssᴇᴅ.

Dᴜᴛᴄʜ Sᴄɪᴇɴᴛɪғɪᴄ Fᴏʀᴇsᴛʀʏ:-

Iɴ ᴛʜᴇ 19ᴛʜ ᴄᴇɴᴛᴜʀʏ, ᴛʜᴇ Dᴜᴛᴄʜ ᴇɴᴀᴄᴛᴇᴅ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛ ʟᴀᴡs ɪɴ Jᴀᴠᴀ, ʀᴇsᴛʀɪᴄᴛɪɴɢ ᴠɪʟʟᴀɢᴇʀs’ ᴀᴄᴄᴇss ᴛᴏ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛs. Tʜɪs ʟᴀᴡ ɪᴍᴘᴏsᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴡᴏᴏᴅ ᴄᴏᴜʟᴅ ʙᴇ ᴄᴜᴛ ғᴏʀ sᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴇᴅ ᴘᴜʀᴘᴏsᴇs ʟɪᴋᴇ ᴍᴀᴋɪɴɢ ʀɪᴠᴇʀ ʙᴏᴀᴛs ᴏʀ ᴄᴏɴsᴛʀᴜᴄᴛɪɴɢ ʜᴏᴜsᴇs. Bᴜᴛ ᴛʜɪs ᴡᴀs ᴅᴏɴᴇ ᴏɴʟʏ ғʀᴏᴍ sᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴄ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛs ᴀɴᴅ ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴄʟᴏsᴇ sᴜᴘᴇʀᴠɪsɪᴏɴ.

Vɪʟʟᴀɢᴇʀs ᴡᴇʀᴇ ᴘᴜɴɪsʜᴇᴅ ғᴏʀ ɢʀᴀᴢɪɴɢ ᴄᴀᴛᴛʟᴇ, ᴛʀᴀɴsᴘᴏʀᴛɪɴɢ ᴡᴏᴏᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜᴏᴜᴛ ᴀ ᴘᴇʀᴍɪᴛ ᴏʀ ᴛʀᴀᴠᴇʟʟɪɴɢ ᴏɴ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛ ʀᴏᴀᴅs ᴡɪᴛʜ ʜᴏʀsᴇ ᴄᴀʀᴛs ᴏʀ ᴄᴀᴛᴛʟᴇ. Tʜɪs ᴡᴀs sɪᴍɪʟᴀʀ ᴀs ɪɴ Iɴᴅɪᴀ, ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴍᴀɴᴀɢᴇ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛs ғᴏʀ sʜɪᴘʙᴜɪʟᴅɪɴɢ ᴀɴᴅ ʀᴀɪʟᴡᴀʏs ʟᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ɪɴᴛʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴀ ғᴏʀᴇsᴛ sᴇʀᴠɪᴄE

Explanation:

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