Explain how you uneven heating of land and ocean water in summer generayes wind ?
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w monsoons are generated.
What Is Differential Heating?
Have you ever been to the beach? As you walk closer to the ocean, the wind usually picks up. Your hair blows in your face, and the cool breeze takes the edge off of the midday Sun. Why is the beach so windy? The answer is differential heating between water and land. Water, like the ocean, has a high specific heat, so it changes temperature slower. Land, like sandy beaches, has a low specific heat, so with the same amount of heat, it increases temperature more quickly compared to water. This property of land and water is not only responsible for blowing away our beach towels, but also for more severe weather like thunderstorms and monsoons.
Sea Breeze
During the day, the Sun heats both the ocean and the land. However, as we described, the land heats up faster. The hot air rises and creates an area of low pressure on the land. The ocean, however, heats slower. The relatively cool air flows towards the low pressure area on land. This creates a sea breezewhere wind from the ocean blows towards land.
Sea breezes result from differential heating over land which draws cool air in from the ocean
Thunderstorms
During the day, sea breezes can create the classic afternoon thunderstorm. For example, the peninsula of Florida is surrounded by ocean on both sides. On the western side, cool air from the Gulf of Mexico blows inland as a sea breeze. The same thing happens on the eastern side as a sea breeze blows inland from the Atlantic Ocean.
The cool air flowing from the ocean contains moisture from evaporated sea water. When this air arrives on land, the air is heated, and water vapor evaporates into the atmosphere, causing cloud formation and precipitation. In Central Florida the effect is more pronounced as the two sea breezes from the east and west collide, producing thunderstorms.
Sea breezes are responsible for the rainy weather characteristic of tropical biomes. In the tropics, intense sunlight and hot temperatures exacerbate the effect of the sea breeze, bringing in lots of warm, moist air from the ocean. This leads to increased precipitation as the moist air evaporates, forming clouds and storms.
Tropical regions near the ocean receive ample rainfall due to differential heating and sea breezes
Monsoons
Although most sea breezes come and go with day and night, some sea breezes can cause major weather systems, like a monsoon. You might have heard of 'monsoon season' in the tropics, where enormous amounts of rain can flood villages and cities. A monsoon is a large wind system that brings with it heavy rains. Monsoons generally blow one direction, northeast for six months and then reverse for the next six months, blowing southwest.
Summers in the tropical climate of India are incredibly hot. India is situated on the equator and gets intense sunlight all year round. Furthermore, cold air from the north is impeded by mountain ranges, and as a result, the land gets hot during the day and stays hot, particularly during the summer.
Instead of the land cooling off by night, the land remains much hotter than the ocean for months on end. Thus, the sea breeze coming from the ocean persists for months as well. The moist influx of air from the ocean feeds the low pressure system on land. As the moist ocean air is heated and rises, it produces clouds and strong rains. During this time wind blows from the southwest.
What Is Differential Heating?
Have you ever been to the beach? As you walk closer to the ocean, the wind usually picks up. Your hair blows in your face, and the cool breeze takes the edge off of the midday Sun. Why is the beach so windy? The answer is differential heating between water and land. Water, like the ocean, has a high specific heat, so it changes temperature slower. Land, like sandy beaches, has a low specific heat, so with the same amount of heat, it increases temperature more quickly compared to water. This property of land and water is not only responsible for blowing away our beach towels, but also for more severe weather like thunderstorms and monsoons.
Sea Breeze
During the day, the Sun heats both the ocean and the land. However, as we described, the land heats up faster. The hot air rises and creates an area of low pressure on the land. The ocean, however, heats slower. The relatively cool air flows towards the low pressure area on land. This creates a sea breezewhere wind from the ocean blows towards land.
Sea breezes result from differential heating over land which draws cool air in from the ocean
Thunderstorms
During the day, sea breezes can create the classic afternoon thunderstorm. For example, the peninsula of Florida is surrounded by ocean on both sides. On the western side, cool air from the Gulf of Mexico blows inland as a sea breeze. The same thing happens on the eastern side as a sea breeze blows inland from the Atlantic Ocean.
The cool air flowing from the ocean contains moisture from evaporated sea water. When this air arrives on land, the air is heated, and water vapor evaporates into the atmosphere, causing cloud formation and precipitation. In Central Florida the effect is more pronounced as the two sea breezes from the east and west collide, producing thunderstorms.
Sea breezes are responsible for the rainy weather characteristic of tropical biomes. In the tropics, intense sunlight and hot temperatures exacerbate the effect of the sea breeze, bringing in lots of warm, moist air from the ocean. This leads to increased precipitation as the moist air evaporates, forming clouds and storms.
Tropical regions near the ocean receive ample rainfall due to differential heating and sea breezes
Monsoons
Although most sea breezes come and go with day and night, some sea breezes can cause major weather systems, like a monsoon. You might have heard of 'monsoon season' in the tropics, where enormous amounts of rain can flood villages and cities. A monsoon is a large wind system that brings with it heavy rains. Monsoons generally blow one direction, northeast for six months and then reverse for the next six months, blowing southwest.
Summers in the tropical climate of India are incredibly hot. India is situated on the equator and gets intense sunlight all year round. Furthermore, cold air from the north is impeded by mountain ranges, and as a result, the land gets hot during the day and stays hot, particularly during the summer.
Instead of the land cooling off by night, the land remains much hotter than the ocean for months on end. Thus, the sea breeze coming from the ocean persists for months as well. The moist influx of air from the ocean feeds the low pressure system on land. As the moist ocean air is heated and rises, it produces clouds and strong rains. During this time wind blows from the southwest.
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The wind drifts from high temperature to low temperature.
In summer, at day time , the sun starts heating the Ocean and land.
But the land heats faster than water , so the land gets higher temperature before ocean.
So , the wind drifts from land to ocean.
When sun set , both ocean and land starts cooling. but land cools faster than ocean. So this time wind drifts from ocean to land. because land will have lower temperature before ocean.
By this way , the wind drifts by unequal heating of ocean and land.
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