Explain in 100-150 words transportation in human beings
Answers
In human beings, there is a phenomenon called double circulation that occurs, which is an efficient way. The heart pumps the blood, and through the various blood vessels, it travels to different organs and then comes back again to the heart. Now, this flow of blood in humans occurs in two pathways called the pulmonary pathway and the systemic pathway.
This system ensures that the deoxygenated blood (blood carrying carbon dioxide) from the right side of the heart goes to the lungs, where gaseous exchange occurs. Blood gets filled with oxygen from the lungs and carbon dioxide is given out to the lungs(from where it leaves the body). The oxygenated blood then travels from the left side of the heart to all other parts of the body.
The double circulation seen here ensures that there is no mixing of oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood. There is also an efficient supply of oxygen to the body cells and a greater rate of blood flow in the body.
How do the oxygenated blood and the deoxygenated blood not get mixed? Firstly, they travel in different blood vessels. Secondly, in the heart, there are four chambers. The blood without oxygen and the blood with oxygen flow into different chambers.
The human heart is a muscular organ, which has four chambers. The two upper chambers called the right atrium and the left atrium, and the two lower chambers called the right ventricle and left ventricle. The right atrium and the right ventricle together may be called the right heart. The left atrium with the left ventricle together can be called as the left heart. All the chambers of the heart are separated by muscular walls called septum.