explain in breif the all four quantam numbers
Answers
Answer:
To completely describe an electron in an atom, four quantum numbers are needed: energy (n), angular momentum (ℓ), magnetic moment (mℓ), and spin (ms). The first quantum number describes the electron shell, or energy level, of an atom. ... The dynamics of any quantum system are described by a quantum Hamiltonian (H).
Explanation:
Hope it helps you ❣️❣️
Answer:
Quantum Numbers
•Learning Objective
Assign quantum numbers to electrons, noting their physical meaning
•Key Points
=>To completely describe an electron in an atom, four quantum numbers are needed: energy (n), angular momentum (ℓ), magnetic moment (mℓ), and spin (ms).
=>The first quantum number describes the electron shell, or energy level, of an atom. =>The value of n ranges from 1 to the shell containing the outermost electron of that atom.
=>The dynamics of any quantum system are described by a quantum Hamiltonian (H).
Terms
•Angular momentum- The vector product that describes the rotary inertia of a system about an axis.
•Quantum -The smallest possible, and therefore indivisible, unit of a given quantity or quantifiable phenomenon.
•Quantum number- One of certain integers or half-integers that specify the state of a quantum mechanical system (such as an electron in an atom).
While the work of Bohr and de Broglie clearly established that electrons take on different discrete energy levels that are related to the atomic radius, their model was a relatively simplistic spherical view. There was an appreciation that the energy level of an electron was related to the principal quantum number n, however there was no numerical means of classifying additional aspects of an electron’s motion in space, such as its orientation or direction. In three dimensions, the solutions of the Schrödinger equation provided a set of three additional quantum numbers that could be used to describe electron behavior even in more complicated many-electron atoms. This was in contrast to previous work that focused on one-electron atoms such as hydrogen.
The most prominent system of nomenclature spawned from the molecular orbital theory of Friedrich Hund and Robert S. Milliken, which incorporates Bohr energy levels as well as observations about electron spin. This model describes electrons using four quantum numbers: energy (n), angular momentum (ℓ), magnetic moment (mℓ), and spin (ms). It is also the common nomenclature in the classical description of nuclear particle states (e.g. protons and neutrons).
Quantum Numbers-These four quantum numbers are used to describe the probable location of an electron in an atom.
The Principal Quantum Number
The first quantum number describes the electron shell, or energy level, of an atom. The value of n ranges from 1 to the shell containing the outermost electron of that atom. For example, in caesium (Cs), the outermost valence electron is in the shell with energy level 6, so an electron in caesium can have an n value from 1 to 6. For particles in a time-independent potential, per the Schrödinger equation, it also labels the nth eigenvalue of Hamiltonian (H) (i.e. the energy E with the contribution due to angular momentum, the term involving J2, left out). This number therefore has a dependence only on the distance between the electron and the nucleus (i.e. the radial coordinate r). The average distance increases with n, thus quantum states with different principal quantum numbers are said to belong to different shells.
.
.
I don't know what's wrong with the answer, but brainly considered it to be rude and hence didn't permit to be answered.So only, I had to screenshot the remaining answer and link it to the attachment.Sorry!
.
Hope it helps!(◕ᴗ◕✿)
