Explain in detail about Gene.
Answers
Gene
Gene is a particular segment of DNA which is responsible for the inheritance and expression of that character.
Mendel postulated principles of heredity which then became the fundamental laws of heredity as proposed by Correns.
He visualized that the traits as such are not inherited physically but by 'something' present inside the gametic cell.
To this something he coined term factors that are responsible for expression of a particular character trait.
He proposed that factor are particular in nature.
The mendelian factors are now termed as genes.
This factor occur in pairs in the parents and segregate from each other during gamete formation without blending / mixing.
Trait = An inherited character and its detectable variant.
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A gene is an extremely specific sequence of nucleotide monomers that has the ability to completely or partially control the expression of one or more traits in every type of living organism. Genes are formed from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and, in the case of some viruses, ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymers.