Question

Explain in detail about mechanisms for ethical management

Answer 1

Answer:

Assessment of ethical, legal, and societal issues associated with military R&D can be considered in light of the fact that many nonmilitary organizations, both public and private, have established mechanisms for attending to such issues. These mechanisms span a broad range along a number of interrelated dimensions.

For example, the degree of formality may vary. Formal mechanisms are similar to process-oriented proceedings (in some cases, they are legal proceedings) in that they are governed by specified procedures, and their operation and often their existence are backed by law and governmental power. Informal mechanisms are more akin to conversations between colleagues and friends that enlighten and provide information to those who must make decisions about ELSI concerns. Lightweight and flexible, informal mechanisms tend to have a cooperative and advisory character, and whether these characteristics are an advantage or a disadvantage often depends on the perspective of the viewer. In between are voluntary mechanisms such as government-developed guidelines that do not have the force of law or regulation but nevertheless reflect government policy decisions. For example, a research-performing institution may be required to adhere to certain research guidelines, which might touch on

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