explain in detail the main stages of fertilization in human beings?
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There are four stages to fertilization:
1. Preparation: Capacitation and acrosome reaction. Acrosomal vesicle fusion is the membrane fusion event of this stage.
2. Binding: Species-specific interaction of gametes.
3. Fusion: Merging of sperm and egg plasma membranes is the membrane fusion event of this stage.
4. Activation (of the zygote): Cortical reaction (fusion of cortical vesicles with the egg plasma membrane) and pronuclear fusion.
1. Preparation: Capacitation and acrosome reaction. Acrosomal vesicle fusion is the membrane fusion event of this stage.
2. Binding: Species-specific interaction of gametes.
3. Fusion: Merging of sperm and egg plasma membranes is the membrane fusion event of this stage.
4. Activation (of the zygote): Cortical reaction (fusion of cortical vesicles with the egg plasma membrane) and pronuclear fusion.
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Human fertilization is the union of a human egg and sperm, usually occurring in the ampulla of the fallopian tube. The result of this union is the production of a zygote cell, or fertilized egg, initiating prenatal development. Scientists discovered the dynamics of human fertilization in the nineteenth century.[1]
The process of fertilization involves a sperm fusing with an ovum. The most common sequence begins with ejaculation during copulation, follows with ovulation, and finishes with fertilization. Various exceptions to this sequence are possible, including artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, external ejaculation without copulation, or copulation shortly after ovulation.[2][3][4] Upon encountering the secondary oocyte, the acrosome of the sperm produces enzymes which allow it to burrow through the outer jelly coat of the egg. The sperm plasma then fuses with the egg's plasma membrane, the sperm head disconnects from its flagellum and the egg travels down the Fallopian tube to reach the uterus.
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process by which egg cells are fertilized by sperm outside the womb, in vitro.
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The process of fertilization involves a sperm fusing with an ovum. The most common sequence begins with ejaculation during copulation, follows with ovulation, and finishes with fertilization. Various exceptions to this sequence are possible, including artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, external ejaculation without copulation, or copulation shortly after ovulation.[2][3][4] Upon encountering the secondary oocyte, the acrosome of the sperm produces enzymes which allow it to burrow through the outer jelly coat of the egg. The sperm plasma then fuses with the egg's plasma membrane, the sperm head disconnects from its flagellum and the egg travels down the Fallopian tube to reach the uterus.
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process by which egg cells are fertilized by sperm outside the womb, in vitro.
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