Explain in detail with five examples how philosophy is a foundation theory guiding educational practices in the field of teaching and learning science.
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Philosophy provides the fundamental framework through which educational practices ensue. For example, in selecting which materials to use, a teacher would rely on the basic ideas of what one seeks to teach, as utilizing irrelevant texts would not contribute. A second example would involve how one's manner of interacting with teachers, for individuals studying, depends on their philosophy: what do they want to learn, how do they plan to go about this. Third, philosophy even pertains to the environments in which one learns, which can be seen through how teachers or learners with a conventional philosophy consider learning as occurring within a classroom, while other philosophies instead extend also to learning anywhere. Fourth, philosophy establishes how teachers see students, as Dewey and other educators have realized, which results in not only teaching different specific lessons but also having alternative educational practices that have shaped the nation. Fifth, one can see that other theories depart from philosophy, such that philosophy resides at the core of other theoretical approaches, which makes philosophy into a foundation theory guiding educational practices indirectly through these other theories.
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