Explain in details ruther ford model of atom
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A major fraction of the α-particles bombarded towards the gold sheet passed through it without any deflection, and hence most of the space in an atom is empty.
Some of the α-particles were deflected by the gold sheet by very small angles, and hence the positive charge in an atom is not uniformly distributed. The positive charge in an atom is concentrated in a very small volume.
Very few of the α-particles were deflected back, that is only a few α-particles had nearly 180o angle of deflection. So the volume occupied by the positively charged particles in an atom is very small as compared to the total volume of an atom.
Based on the above observations and conclusions, Rutherford proposed the atomic structure of elements. According to Rutherford’s atomic model:
The positively charged particles and most of the mass of an atom were concentrated in an extremely small volume. He called this region of the atom as a nucleus.
Rutherford’s model proposed that the negatively charged electrons surround the nucleus of an atom. He also claimed that the electrons surrounding the nucleus revolve around it with very high speed in circular paths. He named these circular paths as orbits.
Electrons being negatively charged and nucleus being a densely concentrated mass of positively charged particles are held together by strong electrostatic force of attraction
Some of the α-particles were deflected by the gold sheet by very small angles, and hence the positive charge in an atom is not uniformly distributed. The positive charge in an atom is concentrated in a very small volume.
Very few of the α-particles were deflected back, that is only a few α-particles had nearly 180o angle of deflection. So the volume occupied by the positively charged particles in an atom is very small as compared to the total volume of an atom.
Based on the above observations and conclusions, Rutherford proposed the atomic structure of elements. According to Rutherford’s atomic model:
The positively charged particles and most of the mass of an atom were concentrated in an extremely small volume. He called this region of the atom as a nucleus.
Rutherford’s model proposed that the negatively charged electrons surround the nucleus of an atom. He also claimed that the electrons surrounding the nucleus revolve around it with very high speed in circular paths. He named these circular paths as orbits.
Electrons being negatively charged and nucleus being a densely concentrated mass of positively charged particles are held together by strong electrostatic force of attraction
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1. The major features of the Rutherford atomic model are as follows.
●All protons are present inside the nucleus, which is situated at the centre of the atom.
●Electrons reside outside the nucleus and revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.
●The size of the nucleus is very small in comparison to the size of an atom. As per Rutherford’s calculations, the size of the nucleus is 105 times smaller than an atom.
●As the mass of the electron is negligible in comparison to the mass of the proton, almost all the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus.
2. Drawbacks of Rutherford’s model are listed below:
■ Rutherford’s model does not explain the distribution of electrons around the nucleus.
■Rutherford’s model does not tell anything about the energy of electrons.
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●All protons are present inside the nucleus, which is situated at the centre of the atom.
●Electrons reside outside the nucleus and revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.
●The size of the nucleus is very small in comparison to the size of an atom. As per Rutherford’s calculations, the size of the nucleus is 105 times smaller than an atom.
●As the mass of the electron is negligible in comparison to the mass of the proton, almost all the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus.
2. Drawbacks of Rutherford’s model are listed below:
■ Rutherford’s model does not explain the distribution of electrons around the nucleus.
■Rutherford’s model does not tell anything about the energy of electrons.
hope it helps✌✌✌✌
keep always smiling☺☺
mark as brainliest if it helps!!
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