Explain in simple word characteristics of Alluvial soil.
plz post answer which is eassy ...
best answer will mark brainlist........
Answers
1. Alluvial is the most fertile soil.
2. they consists of sand, silt and clay.
3. they also contains phosporic acid ,lime and potash.
Alluvial soils are formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra rivers. In coastal regions some alluvial deposits are formed due to wave action.
Rocks of the Himalayas form the parent material. Thus the parent material of these soils is of transported origin.
They are the largest soil group covering about 15 lakh sq km or about 46 per cent of the total area.
They support more than 40% of the India’s population by providing the most productive agricultural lands.
Characteristics of Alluvial Soils
They are immature and have weak profiles due to their recent origin.
Most of the soil is Sandy and clayey soils are not uncommon.
Pebbly and gravelly soils are rare. Kankar (calcareous concretions) beds are present in some regions along the river terraces.
The soil is porous because of its loamy (equal proportion of sand and clay) nature.
Porosity and texture provide good drainage and other conditions favorable for agriculture.
These soils are constantly replenished by the recurrent floods.
Chemical properties of Alluvial Soils
The proportion of nitrogen is generally low.
The proportion of Potash, phosphoric acid and alkalies are adequate
The proportion of Iron oxide and lime vary within a wide range.
Distribution of Alluvial Soils in India
They occur all along the Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra plains except in few places where the top layer is covered by desert sand.
They also occur in deltas of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Cauvery, where they are called deltaic alluvium (coastal alluvium)
Some alluvial soils are found in the Narmada, Tapi valleys and Northern parts of Gujarat.
Crops in Alluvial Soils
They are mostly flat and regular soils and are best suited for agriculture.
They are best suited to irrigation and respond well to canal and well/tube-well irrigation.
They yield splendid crops of rice, wheat, sugarcane, tobacco, cotton, jute, maize, oilseeds, vegetables and fruits.
Geological divisions of alluvial soils
Geologically, the alluvium of the Great plain of India is divided into newer or younger khadar and older bhangar soils