Explain land utilization in india
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Land Utilization in India
The Indian subcontinent is located in the southern part of Asia ,cut off from the rest of it by the Mighty Himalayas . India has the highest mountain ranges was plateau regions and extensive fertile plains .
The man land of India can be divided into four major physical units - the northern mountains ,the northern plains ,the peninsular plateau and the coastal plain apart from these there are two Island group that are part of India the Andaman and Nicobar Island in the Bay of Bengal and loves deep in the Arabian Sea .
The total geographical area of India is about 3.28 million kilometre but the figure about land use are available for only about 3.05 million kilometre .
The Northern Mountains : -
The northern part of India is occupied by the Himalayas and arc like mountain range approximately 2,400 kilometre west to east from Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh. They are young fold mountains formed because of the folding of the earths crust caused by tectonic movement. They have three parallel fold- the highest Himadari, the middle range of the Himachal and the lowest the Shivalik .
They have steps slopes , pointed peak and are covered with thick snow. It is is this snow cover which has given rise to many perennial rivers of India such as the Ganga the Indus and Brahmaputra . These Mountains are not stable and are prone to earthquake . These mountain ranges are also called Greater Himalayas , the Lesser Himalayas and the outer Himalayas respectively .
The northernmost rain in the Karakoram, which lies between the Indus value and their Pamir knot.The second highest peak in the world, Mount K-2 or Mount Godwin Austen, lies in these mountains. It is the highest peak in India. The Karakoram range has extensive snowfield and large glaciers, including the Siachen Glacier .
The eastward Himalayas are collectively known as the Purvanchal or Eastern Hills. They include the Patkoi, Goro, Khasi,Jaintia and Mizo Hills.
The northern plains : -
The extensive fertile Northern plains lie in the south of the Himalayas ,which has been built by millions of tons of silt brought down by numerous rivers .Most important of these river are the Indus and the Sutlej on the west, the Ganga and Yamuna in the centre and the Brahmaputra on the east.These large rivers have many tributaries that bring water and silt to the plains. These plains, also called the Indo-Gangetic Plain, comprise three distinct of road and Railways .Thus, the plains have all the reason to support a large population .
The Deccan and Peninsular plateau :-
To the south of Northern Plains, lies the peninsular plateau . It is the oldest landform in the India .It is formed of igneous and Metamorphic rocks. It is bound by the Eastern and the Western ghats on the eastern and the Western edge respectively. North of the plateau lie the Vindhyas and the Satpura ranges. The entire Plateau is a rich storehouse of minerals ,especially the parts in the Northern region. In West Bengal , Jharkhand, and Orissa it is called the Chhota Nagpur Plateau while in Madhya Pradesh , the Malwa plateau .
The Coastal plains : -
The Coastal Plains run along the coast of Peninsular India . South of Gujarat , the Western Coastal Plains is known as konkan Costa and further South , it is known as the Malabar coast . The Eastern Coastal plain, with many large, fertile deltas, is much broader than the Western Coastal plain. The northern part of the plain often referred to as Northern Circars , while the southern part is called the Coromandel coast .