Explain me about the Acid base theory which includes aerehinious theory and bransted-lowry in detail
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The Brønsted-Lowry Theory of acids and bases
An acid is a proton (hydrogen ion) donor.
A base is a proton (hydrogen ion) acceptor.
The Brønsted-Lowry theory does not go against the Arrhenius theory in any way - it just adds to it. Hydroxide ions are still bases because they accept hydrogen ions from acids and form water. An acid produces hydrogen ions in solution because it reacts with the water molecules by giving a proton to them.
When hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water to produce hydrochloric acid, the hydrogen chloride molecule gives a proton (a hydrogen ion) to a water molecule. A coordinate (dative covalent) bond is formed between one of the lone pairs on the oxygen and the hydrogen from the HCl. Hydronium ions, H3O+(aq), are produced.
H2O+HCl→H3O++Cl−(6)
When an acid in solution reacts with a base, what is actually functioning as the acid is the hydronium ion. For example, a proton is transferred from a hydronium ion to a hydroxide ion to make water.
H3O+(aq)+OH−(aq)→2H2O(l)(7)
Showing the electrons, but leaving out the inner ones:
It is important to realize that whenever you talk about hydrogen ions in solution, H+(aq), what you are actually talking about are hydronium ions.