Question

Explain mitosis and meiosis briefly.​

Answer 1

Answer:

mitosis :- it is a regular process of cell division by which each of the resultant daughter cells receive exactly the same number Nd same kind of chromosomes that the parent cell contained

meiosis:- the number of chromosomes is reduced to half ,the daughter cells have just half the number of chromosomes of parent cell

main difference's

⭐ in mitotic Division exact copy of parent is produced ,so that v can't identify the offspring Nd parent

whereas in meiosis the offspring inhibits some of the characters of parent but not the exact copy of parent

⭐ in mitosis there is no reduction of chromosomes

whereas in meiosis the chromosomes r reduced to half

⭐ mitosis occurs in most of the cells except reproductive cells,whereas meiosis occurs only in reproductive cells

⭐in mitosis 2 daughter cells r formed whereas in meiosis 4 daughter cells r formed

⭐in mitosis parent cell divide only once whereas in meiosis parent cell divides twice

Answer 2

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Meiosis

How meiosis reduces chromosome number by half: crossing over, meiosis I, meiosis II, and genetic variation.

Introduction

Mitosis is used for almost all of your body’s cell division needs. It adds new cells during development and replaces old and worn-out cells throughout your life. The goal of mitosis is to produce daughter cells that are genetically identical to their mothers, with not a single chromosome more or less.

Meiosis, on the other hand, is used for just one purpose in the human body: the production of gametes—sex cells, or sperm and eggs. Its goal is to make daughter cells with exactly half as many chromosomes as the starting cell.

To put that another way, meiosis in humans is a division process that takes us from a diploid cell—one with two sets of chromosomes—to haploid cells—ones with a single set of chromosomes. In humans, the haploid cells made in meiosis are sperm and eggs. When a sperm and an egg join in fertilization, the two haploid sets of chromosomes form a complete diploid set: a new genome.

Phases of meiosis

In many ways, meiosis is a lot like mitosis. The cell goes through similar stages and uses similar strategies to organize and separate chromosomes. In meiosis, however, the cell has a more complex task. It still needs to separate sister chromatids (the two halves of a duplicated chromosome), as in mitosis. But it must also separate homologous chromosomes, the similar but nonidentical chromosome pairs an organism receives from its two parents.

These goals are accomplished in meiosis using a two-step division process. Homologue pairs separate during a first round of cell division, called meiosis I. Sister chromatids separate during a second round, called meiosis II.

Since cell division occurs twice during meiosis, one starting cell can produce four gametes (eggs or sperm). In each round of division, cells go through four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

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