Question

Explain nervous system dysfunction

Answer 1

• As our Central nervous system controlled by brain and spinal.
• There are three nervous system:

1. Central nervous system
2. Peripheral nervous system
3. Autonomic nervous system

Cental Nervous system-

• Brain main controlling center consists of : Fore brain , Hind brain , Mid brain
• Different parts of brain controlled different center.
• brain consist of:

1. Cerebrum: two large hemisphere folded to increase surface areas for neurons .
2. Cranium: The hard bony box in which brain is protected.
3. Hypothalamus: Controlled the function of pituitary gland
4. Pituitary gland : Controlled other endocrine glands.
5. Medulla : Controlled involuntary functions.
6. Cerebellum: Controlled voluntary. function and maintain body posture.
7. Pons : Regulate information.
8. Spinal cord : Helps to function of all body parts.

Peripheral nervous system -

• It consists 12 pair of cranial nerves and 31 pair of spinal nerve which Regulate information from. brain to all body parts and all body parts to brain.

Autonomic nervous system-

• It controls in voluntary function like heart beating, vomiting, digestion , reabsorption of water in kidney , etc. which is not in our will.

Answer 2

Central Nervous System

Central nervous system dysfunction is progressive. Cerebral oxygen consumption decreases in proportion to the reduction in metabolism. Cerebral blood flow decreases 6% to 7% for each 1° C decrease in temperature.1 Mild hypothermia may be associated with confusion, dysarthria, and impaired judgment.3-5 Deep tendon reflexes are depressed at core temperature lower than 32° C because of slowed peripheral nerve conduction. As body temperature drops, many patients no longer complain of cold. Shivering thermogenesis ceases at approximately 31° C. Pupillary responses decline and dilated unreactive pupils may be noted at temperatures lower than 30° C. Patients may experience hallucinations and sometimes paradoxically remove their clothes. The electroencephalogram (EEG) shows abnormal activity at temperatures less than 32° C, and at 20° C the EEG may appear consistent with brain death.