Question

explain on what characters the ionisation potential depends​

Answer 1

Answer:

Nuclear charge: the greater the magnitude of nuclear charge the more tightly the electrons are held by the nucleus and hence more will be ionization energy. Number of electron shells: the greater the size of the atom, the less tightly the electrons are held by the nucleus and ionization energy will be less.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Ionization potential depends on the following characters:

1. Atomic radius- It is inversely proportional, i.e. increases with decrease in atomic radius.

2. Nuclear charge- It is directly proportional, i.e. increases with increase in the effective nuclear charge.

3. Shielding/screening effect- increases with increase in number of electrons in the inner shell. Ionization potential is inversely proportional to shielding effect.

4. Penetration effects - The energy required for removal of electrons is given as: s > p > d > f. This is due to the distance from the nucleus.

5. Orbital stability- Removal of electrons from half filled and fully filled orbitals are difficult and more energy is required, so ionization potential is also higher in such cases.