Question

explain orientation of monosubstituted benzene​

Answer 1

Explanation:

INFLUENCE OF SUBSTITUENT

A substituent (G) already present on the benzene ring imparts two types of influence on benzene ring for further substitution.

1. Directive effect
2. Directive effect Activity effect

1. Directive Effect:The first substituent (G) may direct the next incoming group (E+) to ortho, meta or para position, depending on the nature of the first substituent. This is called directive or orientation effect.
2. Activity Effect: The substituent already present may activate or deactivate the benzene ring towards further substitution. These effects are called the activity effect