Explain pearson's HSAB concept
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HSAB concept is an initialism for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases". Also known as the Pearson acid-base concept, HSAB is widely used in chemistry for explaining stability of compounds, reaction mechanisms and pathways. ... The concept is a way of applying the notion of orbital overlap to specific chemical cases.
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The HSAB concept's intention is to identify the products of Lewis acid-base reactions that have the greatest stability.
Explanation:
- HSAB is a hard and soft acids and bases.
- This concept was proposed by Ralph Pearson.
- He explained the stability of metal complexes and the mechanisms of the reactions.
- According to this theory, Lewis acid and bases are further divided into hard and soft.
The acid-bases equilibrium are
Lewis acid + Lewis base ⇌ acid-base product.
- Hard Lewis acids: These are characterised by small ionic radii, high positive charge, empty orbitals in the valence shell and high energy.
- Soft Lewis acids:These are characterised by large ionic radii, low positive charge, completely filled atomic orbitals, and low energy.
- Hard Lewis base: These are characterised by small ionic radii, highly electro-negative, weekly polarize and have high energy.
- Soft Lewis base: These are characterised by large ionic radii, intermediate electro-negativity, highly polarise and have low energy.
Learn more about HSAB.
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