explain preparation of own cell with neat dio-gram
Answers
Explanation:
surrounded by a cell wall which is involved in providing shape to the plant cell. Apart from the cell wall, there are other organelles that are associated with different cellular activities.
Let us have a detailed look at the plant cell, its structure, and functions of different plant cell organelles.
Plant Cell Definition
“Plant cells are eukaryotic cells with a true nucleus along with specialized structures called organelles that carry out certain specific functions.”
What is a Plant Cell?
Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that vary in several fundamental factors from other eukaryotic organisms. Both plant and animal cells contain nucleus along with similar organelles. One of the distinctive aspects of a plant cell is the presence of a cell wall outside the cell membrane.
Read more: Cells
Plant Cell Diagram
The plant cell is rectangular and comparatively larger than the animal cell. Even though plant and animal cells are eukaryotic and share a few cell organelles, plant cells are quite distinct when compared to animal cell as they perform different functions. Some of these differences can be clearly understood when the cells are examined under an electron microscope.
Also Read: Cellulose in Digestion
Plant cell diagram
Plant Cell Diagram showing different cell organelles
Plant Cell Structure
Just like different organs within the body, plant cell structure includes various components known as cell organelles that perform different functions to sustain itself. These organelles include:
Cell Wall
It is a rigid layer which is composed of cellulose, glycoproteins, lignin, pectin, and hemicellulose. It is located outside the cell membrane. It comprises proteins, polysaccharides, and cellulose.
The primary function of the cell wall is to protect and provide structural support to the cell. The plant cell wall is also involved in protecting the cell against mechanical stress and to provide form and structure to the cell. It also filters the molecules passing in and out of the cell.
The formation of the cell wall is guided by microtubules. It consists of three layers, namely, primary, secondary and the middle lamella. The primary cell wall is formed by cellulose laid down by enzymes.
Also Read: Cell Wall
Cell membrane
It is the semi-permeable membrane that is present within the cell wall. It is composed of a thin layer of protein and fat.
The cell membrane plays an important role in regulating the entry and exit of specific substances within the cell.
For instance, cell membrane keeps toxins from entering inside, while nutrients and essential minerals are transported across.
Also Read: Cell Wall and Cell Membrane
Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound structure that is present only in eukaryotic cells. The vital function of a nucleus is to store DNA or hereditary information required for cell division, metabolism, and growth.
Nucleolus: It manufactures cell’s protein-producing structures and ribosomes.
Nucleopore: Nuclear membrane is perforated with holes called nucleopore that allows proteins and nucleic acids to pass through.
Explore more: The Nucleus
Plastids
They are membrane-bound organelles that have their own DNA. They are necessary to store starch, to carry out the process of photosynthesis. It is also used in the synthesis of many molecules which form the building blocks of the cell. Some of the vital types of plastids and their functions are stated below:
Leucoplasts
They are found in non-photosynthetic tissues of plants. They are used for the storage of protein, lipid, and starch.
Chloroplasts
It is an elongated organelle enclosed by phospholipid membrane. The chloroplast is shaped like a disc and the stroma is the fluid within the chloroplast that comprises a circular DNA. Each chloroplast contains a green coloured pigment called chlorophyll required for the process of photosynthesis. The chlorophyll absorbs light energy from the sun and uses it to transform carbon dioxide and water into glucose.