Question

Explain problems related with water resources briefly??

Answer 1

According to some specialists, the water crisis in the 21st century is much more related to management than to a real crisis of scarcity and stress (Rogers et al.,2006). Nevertheless, according to other specialists, it is the result of a set of environmental problems aggravated by economic and social development problems (Gleick, 2000). Somlyody & Varis (2006) maintain that the deepening and complexity of the water crisis are due to real problems of availability and increased demand, and to a sectoral management process that responds to problems without a systematic approach that tries to foresee them. Tundisi & Matsumura-Tundisi (2008) accentuate the need for a systematic, integrated and predictive approach to water management at a level decentralized to the river basin. According to these authors, a consolidated data base transformed into a management tool can be one of the most effective forms of confronting the problem of water scarcity, water stress and deteriorating quality.

Tundisi et al. (2008) highlight that, in the broad social, economic and environmental context of the 21st century, the following principal problems and processes are the main causes of the "water crisis":

Intense urbanization, increasing the demand for water, expanding the discharge of contaminated water resources, while there is tremendous demand for water for drinking and economic and social development (Tucci, 2008).

Water stress and scarcity in many regions of the planet due to alterations in availability and increased demand.

Poor infrastructure or infrastructure in a critical state in many urban areas, with losses in the network of up to 30% after treatment.

Problems of stress and scarcity due to global changes with extreme hydrological events increasing the human population's vulnerability and compromising food security (intense rains and intense periods of drought).

Problems caused by the lack of articulation and lack of consistent actions of governability of water resources and for environmental sustainability.

This set of problems has local, regional, continental and planetary dimensions. These problems contribute to:

An increase and exacerbation of sources of contamination.

Alterations of the sources of water resources - with scarcity and decreased availability.

Increased vulnerability of the human population due to contamination and difficulty of access to good quality water (potable and treated).

This set of problems is related to the quality and quantity of water and the response to these causes interferes in human and public health, with a deterioration of the quality of life and of economic and social development. The central position of water in the generation of energy, food production, sustainability of biodiversity and global changes

Answer 2

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➡️. Answer
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=> About 40% of the world's population, lives in arid or semi arid regions which have scarcity of water. To meet the needs of the youth population, surface waters overdrawn. Excessive irrigation in semi-arid regions causes salt accumulation in the soil due to which soil fertility declines. Uncontrolled soil erosion causes sedimentation of waterways. The waste from rapidly increasing industries and factories is also deteriorating the quality of water.

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