Question

explain properties of magnetic lines of force with an activity ​

Answer 1

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The properties of magnetic lines of force are as follows. Magnetic field lines emerge from the north pole and merge at the south pole. As the distance between the poles increases, the density of magnetic lines decreases. The direction of field lines inside the magnet is from the South Pole to the North Pole.

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Answer 2

Properties of magnetic lines of force with an activity ​:

Curved traces symbolizing a magnetic field, drawn such that the variety of lines pertains to the magnetic field's strength at a given point and the tangent of any curve at a selected point is alongside the course of magnetic force at that point.

Properties:

• The direction of the magnetic line of force is in the direction of force on a North Pole, so the magnetic lines of force begin on the North Pole of a magnet and end on the South Pole. When a small magnetic compass is placed along a lie of force, it sets itself along the line tangential to it.

• In a single bar magnet, they attempt to form closed loops from pole to pole to avoid path of resistance between poles.

• They never cross each other.

• They all have equal strength.

• Their density decreases  when they move from an area of higher permeability to an area of lower permeability.

• Their density decreases with increase in distance from the poles.

Activity:

• Material req: A plastic water bottle
• Iron filings
• A plastic test tube that fits into the mouth of the bottle
• Funnel
• Masking tape
• cylindrical magnet that fits into the plastic tube

Procedure:

1. Use the funnel to fill the bottle about one-fifth of the iron filings.
2. Wrap the top of the test tube with masking tape so the test tube will fit in the mouth of the bottle.
3. Insert the tube into the mouth of the bottle.
4. Slide the cylindrical magnet into the test tube and put the bottle cap back on.
5. Rotate the bottle while turning it on its side, The iron fillings would form a  pattern that traces and follows out the magnetic field of the magnet.
6. Pay particular attention to what happens at the end of the magnet.  
7. Shake the magnet out of the tube, and watch the filings collapse

Observations:

• Each atom in a piece of iron is a magnet, with a north pole and a south pole. Most pieces of iron are not magnetic, because the atomic magnets all point in different directions.

• When we bring a magnet near a piece of iron, the iron-atom magnets line up with the applied magnetic field: The north poles of the iron atoms all point in the same direction. Because the iron atoms line up, the piece of iron becomes a magnet and is attracted to the original magnet.

• In a rod-shaped piece of iron, the atoms will tend to line up so that all the north poles face one end of the rod and all the south poles face the other end.
• Since iron filings are rod-shaped, the atoms line up pointing along the length of the rod, and the rods line up parallel to the direction of the applied magnetic field.
• The field of a cylindrical magnet comes out of the end of the magnet and then loops around next to the side. The iron filings stick out like a crew cut on the ends of the magnet but lie flat on the sides