Question

Explain proportional representation as followed in Israel and Argentina

Answer 1

Proportional representation refers to electoral systems that show the proportionality in the elected body.

Explanation:

• In the electoral system of Israel, the parliamentary seats are allocated to each party in proportions according to the overall vote share.
• Instead of voting for the individual member, people cast vote for a certain party which in turn selects their own representatives in the parliament.

Answer 2

Proportional representation (PR) characterises electoral systems wherein  divisions in an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. That is an electoral system in which parties gain seats in proportion to the number of votes cast for them.

Explanation:

Argentina

• Argentina elects a state head who is the President & a legislature at the national level. The franchise includes all people aged 16 & over, and all those between 18 to 70 years old may vote (with a few exceptions).
• The President & Vice-President shall be elected by "direct popular vote", by using "runoff voting method" for a period of 4 years, in one ballot: second ballet shall be taken if no party receives more than 45 per cent of the vote, or more than 40 per cent, and therefore at least 10% more than the "runner-up". 
• There are two chambers in the "National Congress (National Congress)". In each electoral district ("23 provinces' & the "autonomous city" of "Buenos Aires") the "National Assembly" has "257 members" who have been elected by "proportionate representation" in the D'Hondt System for a 4-year term of office, while 1/2 the seats are renewed each 2 years in "all the districts". The Senate of the Country has 72 members (Senado de la Nación) elected in three-seat "constituencies"  for a six-year term ('23 provinces", Buenos Aires Autonomous City) with two seats for the largest main party or coalition & one seat for second largest party or coalition. The National Senate is composed of 2 seats.

Israel

• Elections in Israel are based on "proportional representation" throughout the nation. Elections are presently set at a threshold of 3.25 percent, with a proportional number of votes earned by a party in Knesset (Israel's unicameral national legislature). Israeli residents have a minimum voting age of 18. Elections are supervised and administered under the "Knesset Elections Law" & by the "Central Electoral Committee".
• While most governments did not serve a full-time time and early elections are often held, Knesset is elected for a 4- year term. Israel has a system of multi-parties based on coalition govts, since neither party  has won the majority of the seats in the national election, even though, after forming an alliance of many different parties before the 1969 elections, the Alignment retained a majority short time ago. The Basic Law of Israel, under normal conditions, includes the holding of national elections for the Knesset four years after the previous elections on Tuesday, between Cheshvan 's Jewish months (beginning in October and mid-November).
• Israel uses the "closed-list" system of "proportional representation" in the party-list; thus, voters are voting for their chosen party and not for individual candidates. Then,  the party which receives votes is then allotted the 120 seats in the Knesset (with the "D'hondt" Method") in proportion, given the party has won votes that have reached or surpassed the electoral threshold.. Parties are allowed to join electoral alliances so as to obtain enough aggregate votes to reach the threshold (if so, the coalition as a "whole" should meet the "threshold", not the individual parties) and therefore be allocated seats.
• The low threshold makes it possible for small parties to use the Israeli electoral system than in most other nations. The two sides should find a compromise such that all Sides have a combined surplus voting and the excess seat is granted to the party with a higher number of surplus votes as a shared surplus vote is an extra seat.

To know more

what is PR system ?... - Brainly.in

https://brainly.in/question/4918789