explain proteins in detail.
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Proteins and other related nitrogenous compounds are the principal constituents of protoplasm and hence are directly or indirectly involved in all the physiological processes taking place in the living cells. Evolution of life itself depended upon the pre-existence of the protein molecules.
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Hello friend! Thanks for asking question, here is the answer.
PROTEINS
-> Chemical nature and composition :
>> Proteins are macromolecules with high molecular weight and made up of long chain polymers of amino acids. They are important structural constituents of the cell.
>> The term protein was coin by Berzelius(1830).
>> They are hist specific and show slight variations in each species.
>> Number of proteins in a cell varies according to the species.
>> Molecular weight of harmoglobin, a kind of protein is 68000 daltons.
>> They are nitrogenous compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, Oxygen and nitrogen.
>> In a long chain of amino acids forming a protein, the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid is linked to the carboxyl group (-COOH) of other amini acid.
>> Peptide linkage is formed by the removal of a water molecule during condensation reaction between the two amini acids. After removing of OH from COOH and H from NH2 the remainder of amino acid is called a residue.
>> DIPEPTIDE: A protein molecule made up of two amino acid residues.
>> TRIPEPTIDE : A protein molecule made up of three amino acid residues.
>> POLYPEPTIDE : A protein molecule made up of many residues.
>> Polypeptide chain elongated by adding a new amino acid at either free amino end or carboxyl end.
>> A protein molecule may consist of one, two or more polypeptide chains. Folded structure of polypeptide chains is bound by disulphide binds.
-> Classification: Proteins are classified into two types, simple proteins and conjugated proteins according to their nature or composition
>> Simple Proteins- Composed of only amino acids or their derivatives. Example, hi stones, zein from maize.
>> Conjugated proteins- Proteins with amino acids and a non protein part called prosthetic group. Example, nucleoproteins (protein + nucleic acid), glycoproteins ( proteins + carbohydrates), etc.
I hope this will help you. Thank you
- BRAINLY STAR ROSETA.
PROTEINS
-> Chemical nature and composition :
>> Proteins are macromolecules with high molecular weight and made up of long chain polymers of amino acids. They are important structural constituents of the cell.
>> The term protein was coin by Berzelius(1830).
>> They are hist specific and show slight variations in each species.
>> Number of proteins in a cell varies according to the species.
>> Molecular weight of harmoglobin, a kind of protein is 68000 daltons.
>> They are nitrogenous compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, Oxygen and nitrogen.
>> In a long chain of amino acids forming a protein, the amino group (-NH2) of one amino acid is linked to the carboxyl group (-COOH) of other amini acid.
>> Peptide linkage is formed by the removal of a water molecule during condensation reaction between the two amini acids. After removing of OH from COOH and H from NH2 the remainder of amino acid is called a residue.
>> DIPEPTIDE: A protein molecule made up of two amino acid residues.
>> TRIPEPTIDE : A protein molecule made up of three amino acid residues.
>> POLYPEPTIDE : A protein molecule made up of many residues.
>> Polypeptide chain elongated by adding a new amino acid at either free amino end or carboxyl end.
>> A protein molecule may consist of one, two or more polypeptide chains. Folded structure of polypeptide chains is bound by disulphide binds.
-> Classification: Proteins are classified into two types, simple proteins and conjugated proteins according to their nature or composition
>> Simple Proteins- Composed of only amino acids or their derivatives. Example, hi stones, zein from maize.
>> Conjugated proteins- Proteins with amino acids and a non protein part called prosthetic group. Example, nucleoproteins (protein + nucleic acid), glycoproteins ( proteins + carbohydrates), etc.
I hope this will help you. Thank you
- BRAINLY STAR ROSETA.
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