Question

Explain Rutherford's atomic model .​

Answer 1

Answer

⚫Rutherford proposed a model of an atom as follows.

◾An atom contains small for but heavy, positively charged body called the nucleus, at its centre.

◾The nucleus is surrounded by streamly small negatively charged electrons but relatively large distances from the nucleus the size of the nucleus is very small compared to that of the atom.

◾Electrons are revolving round the nucleus at a high velocity in closed Orbit, just as the planets revolve round the sun.

◾Nucleus and the electrons are held Together by electrostatic attraction forces.

Answer 2

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Rutherford's Atomic Model
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Also called Rutherford's Scattering Experiment.

In this experiment a very thin gold foil is bombard on alpha particles.

A stream of high alpha particles from Radioactive element, is bombard on a thin gold foil. Foil has a circular fluorescent ZnS screen around it.

Whenever alpha particles after through, gold foil, strikes to a ZnS circular screen, It produces a light.

But results of scattering experiment were quite unexpected.

It was observed that....

• Most of the alpha particles passed through gold foil.

• A small fraction of the alpha particles was deflected by small angle.

• A very few alpha particles bounced back, were deflected by nearly 180°.

» Structure
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• Atom consists of two parts :-

Nuclear and extra nuclear portion.

› Nuclear portion has positive parts or proton.

› Extra nuclear portion has negative part or electron.

• Nucleus is surrounded by electrons that moves around the nucleus with a very high speed in a circular path called orbit.

• Total positive charge of nucleus is equal to the total negative charge of electrons in that atom.

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