explain rutherford's experiment
Answers
Hello❤️
According to rutherford's experiment when Alpha particles were passed to the atom of gold ful sum of when turned back and shoulder flexion this is due to the presence of nucleus which is dense and hard.
Explanation:
Hey mate!!
Observations of Rutherford Model Experiment
Major space in an atom is empty – A large fraction of α-particles passed through the gold sheet without getting deflected. Therefore, the major part of an atom must be empty.
The positive charge in an atom is not distributed uniformly and it is concentrated in a very small volume – Few α-particles when bombarded were deflected by the gold sheet. They were deflected minutely and at very small angles. Therefore he made the above conclusion.
Very few α-particles had deflected at large angles or deflected back. Moreover, very few particles had deflected at 180o. Therefore, he concluded that the positively charged particles covered a small volume of an atom in comparison to the total volume of an atom.
What is the difference between the Thomsons and Rutherford Atomic model?
Postulates of Rutherford atomic model based on observations and conclusions
An atom is composed of positively charged particles. Majority of the mass of an atom was concentrated in a very small region. This region of the atom was called as the nucleus of an atom. It was found out later that the very small and dense nucleus of an atom is composed of neutrons and protons.
Atoms nucleus is surrounded by negatively charged particles called electrons. The electrons revolve around the nucleus in a fixed circular path at very high speed. These fixed circular paths were termed as “orbits.”
An atom has no net charge or they are electrically neutral because electrons are negatively charged and the densely concentrated nucleus is positively charged. A strong electrostatic force of attractions holds together the nucleus and electrons.
The size of the nucleus of an atom is very small in comparison to the total size of an atom.
Rutherford’s experiment was unable to explain certain things.
They are:
Rutherford’s model was unable to explain the stability of an atom. According to Rutherford’s postulate, electrons revolve at a very high speed around a nucleus of an atom in a fixed orbit. However, Maxwell explained accelerated charged particles release electromagnetic radiations. Therefore, electrons revolving around the nucleus will release electromagnetic radiation.
The electromagnetic radiation will have energy from the electronic motion as a result of which the orbits will gradually shrink. Finally, the orbits will shrink and collapse in the nucleus of an atom. According to the calculations, if Maxwell’s explanation is followed Rutherford’s model will collapse with 10-8 seconds. Therefore, Rutherford atomic model was not following Maxwell’s theory and it was unable to explain an atom’s stability.
Rutherford’s theory was incomplete because it did not mention anything about the arrangement of electrons in the orbit. This was one of the major drawbacks of Rutherford atomic model.
Hope it helps you!!
Mark as brainliest!!