Explain salient features of hybridisation of atomic orbitals
Answers
1)Hybridisation give rise to atomic orbitals with equal properties like energy and shape.
2)Hybridisation always occur between the orbitals of almost equal energy and they are in outer shell.
3)Hybridised orbitals always forms sigma bond.
4)Bond length of bond formed hybridised orbitals is always equal.
5)Bond energy of bond formed hybridised orbitals is large.
Answer:
Salient features of hybridisation :
(1) Atomic orbitals of the same atom can take part in hybridisation
(2) Only atomic orbitals and not electrons undergo hybridisation
(3) The atomic orbitals of comparable energies only can undergo hybridisation.
(4) The number of hybrid orbitals formed is equal to the number of hybridising orbitals.
(5) The shape of the hybrid orbitals is different as compared to the shape of hybridising atomic orbitals.
(6) All the hybrid orbitals are equivalent and have the same shape and energy.
(7) Hybrid orbitals orient in space, so as to minimise repulsion between their electrons and have maximum symmetry. Geometry of the molecule is due to the orientation of hybrid orbitals.
(8) The covalent bonds formed by hybrid orbitals is stronger than those by pure atomic orbitals.