explain some Disorders of respiratory system
Answers
➝ Hypoxia :-
Hypoxia is a condition of oxygen shortage at tissue level.
➝ Asphyxia :-
It is a life-threatening condition in which oxygen is prevented from reaching the tissues by obstruction ofor damage to any part of the respiratory system.
➝ Emphysema :-
This respiratory disorder is due to the inflation or abnormal distention of the bronchioles or alveolar sacs resulting in the loss of their elasticity.
Cigarette smoking and chrone bronchitis are the causes of this disease.
➝ Asthma :-
Bronchial asthma is generally caused due to the hypersensitivity of the bronchioles to the foreign substances (allergens) present in the air that passes through them.
The goblet (mucous) cells lining the respiratory passage start screting excess mucus which may clog the bronchi and bronchioles.
➝ Influenza :-
It is also caused by Influenzae virus. Its symptoms include chills, fever, headache and muscular pain. Cold like symptoms appear as the fever subsides.
➝ Common Cold :-
A group of viruses called rhinovirus is responsible for about 40% of all colds in adults. Its symptoms include sneezing, excessive nasal secretion, head ache,
Disorders of Respiratory System:
1. Asthma: is a difficulty in breathing causing wheezing (with loud sound) due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles.
2. Emphysema: is a chronic disorder in which alveolar walls are damaged due to which respiratory surface is decreased. One of the major causes of this is cigarette smoking.
3. Occupational Respiratory Disorders: In certain industries, especially those involving grinding or stone-breaking, so much dust is produced that the defense mechanism of the body cannot fully cope with the situation.Long exposure can give rise to inflammation leading to fibrosis (proliferation of fibrous tissues) and thus causing serious lung damage.