Question

Explain some important measures adopted by the Alauddin Khilji for the effective administrative of his empire?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Alauddin Khilji introduced a number of important measures to get maximum revenue. He brought all the land of the empire into his direct control. ... He increased the land revenue from one-third to one-half and demanded it to be paid in cash and not kind. He also appointed special officers to collect land revenue.

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Answer 2

The King's belief that the King is God's representative on earth and  that was to rule by way of administrative procedure which was being translated by Ala-Ud-Din.  His word was law. He was an absolute despot. He possessed unlimited powers He's been the manager, i.e. Leader of the army, Chief of Executive Officer, Leader of the court , the supreme authority to administer religious matters.

Explanation:

• He established a powerful central administration. He was the state's highest figure and believed in God's heritage. The sultan began to regard himself as a God or "Shadow of God" Through this way, the union between nobles and officials was forbidden as well as secret meetings & parties were banned. He appointed spies to look at them and sought to seize their excess wealth. The espionage system was very systematic and effective. He forbade alcohol and gambling, and he refrained from doing so. Alauddin Khilji prevented the interference of Ulemas in administration.
• In the calculation of land production, Alauddin Khilji developed modern methods of soil estimation. The Sardars, Jagidars and Ulemes were  levied high taxes. Non-Muslims were forced on Jazia. They had to pay this along with other taxation such as the tax on pilgrim, octroi, and so on. He raised the salaries  of his officials in order to curb bribes and corruption. He took measures to shield the farmers from the allegations of corrupt revenue officers, by enforcing stringent penalties for even minor crimes.
• In order to assist soldiers & meet ends, Alauddin Khilji implemented industry controls. Prices were fixed for all common use articles. The Market was governed by a different Department with special officers. All towns were subject to the price set in the capital.
• In order to protect his Kingdom, Alauddin Khilji retained a dominant and large military. He implemented the network of branded horses (dagh) to discourage false musters (attendance roll of his people) & corrupt practices by maintaing descriptive register of soldiers. The Jagir scheme was eliminated by Alauddin and the payment was paid in cash. He fixed the price for combat forces at 234 tanks a year, with a further 78 tanks for a soldier maintaining two horses. The recruitment of soldiers was conducted by Ariz-i-Mumalik.
• The entire nation  was split into 11 provinces. Each province was under a governor, and the governors had enjoyed position at the pleasure of the Sultan. Alauddin established a proper postal system for establishing a regular contact with various parts of the empire.
• In order to assist him to the administration, the Sultan appointed trusted ministers. However,in no way did their recommendations bind the Sultan. Ten ministers were there to support him. The "Wazir," a civil and military officer, was next to Sultan. Amongst the ministers,  the ‘Amir-Kohi’ was incharge of agriculture & ‘Shahana-i-Mandi’ & ‘Dewan-i-Riyat" looked after markets.

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