Explain some waterways that have been declared as national waterways class10
Answers
This water way has been developed on the Ganga-Bhagirathi and Hooghly system from Allahabad to Haldia which is 1,620 km long. It was selected in October 1986. It begins from the confluence of Ganga and Yamuna rivers in Allahabad and joins with Ghaghra and Kosi rivers in the North and Sone River in the South. Farakka barrage has been constructed over it.
2. National Waterway No. 2:
It extends from Sadiya to Dhubri up to 891 km in river Brahmaputra. It was selected in September 1988. Devang and Lohit rivers meet Brahmaputra near Sadiya and before Dhubri the famous river Manas of Assam joins it from the North. The world famous Mujoli river island is located in this waterway. After this waterway, Brahmaputra River enters into Bangladesh.
3. National Waterway No. 3:
It has been developed in the western side of Kerala. It extends from Champakar canal (14 km) and Udyog Mandal canal (23 km) and up to Kolam-Kotapuram portion (168 km) of West Coast Canal. It was declared as the national waterway No. 3 in February 1993. It includes Kottapuram-Cochi (0-30 km), Cochi-Alpurma (30-92 km), Alpujha-Kollam (92-168 km) and Champakar canal (14 km) and Udyog Mandal canal (23 km).
Answer:
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Water transport can be divided into two categories-
a) Inland waterways and
b) Oceanic waterways.
Inland waterways include rivers, canals, backwaters and creeks which are deep enough to allow the ships and boats to navigate safely. India has about 14,500 km of navigable waterways out of which about 3700 km of river and 4300 km of canals are navigable by mechanized flat bottom vessels. Indian Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) is the statutory authority in charge of the waterways in India. It does the function of building the necessary infrastructure in these waterways, surveying the economic feasibility of new projects and also administration and regulation.
India has a long coastline of 7,517 km forming one of the biggest peninsulas in the world. It has 12 Major ports and 187 notified Minor and Intermediate ports. Oceanic waterways constitute an important role in the transport sector of India's economy. Ocean routes handle 95 percent of India's foreign trade by volume and about 70 percent by value. Besides international trade, these routes are also used for transportation between the islands and the rest of the country.
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