Question

Explain substitution reaction with an examples in organic chemistry

Answer 1

Answer:

A substitution reaction is a reaction between molecules where an atom or a group of atoms replaces a current atom in the original molecule. For example, a hydrogen atom might get kicked off so that a different atom can be put on. There are two types of substitution reactions: nucleophilic and electrophilic

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

one or more  hydrogen atoms of alkanes  can be replaced by halogens , nitro group  and sulphonic acid group . these reactions in which hydrogen atoms of  alkanes are  substituted are known as substitution reactions.

example

Halogenation reaction =(here hydrogen is replaced by Cl in each step )

CH₄ +Cl₂→ CH₃Cl +HCl            [CH₃Cl=chloromethane (methylchloride)]

(methane)                

CH₃Cl +Cl→ CH₂Cl₂+ HCl        [CH₂Cl₂=dichloromethane(methylenechloride)]

CH₂Cl₂ +Cl₂→ CH Cl₃ +HCl    [CHCl₃=trichloromethane(chloroform)]

C HCl₃ Cl₂→ C Cl₄ +HCl   [CCl₄ =tetrachloromethane(carbon tetrachloride)]