Explain technological and institutional reforms introduced in agriculture for 5 marks
Answers
) Land reforms: Collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari. (ii) Agricultural reforms: Green revolution and White revolution. (iii) Land development programmes: Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, etc., establishment of Grameen banks, Cooperative societies and banks for providing loans. (iv) Issuing of Kissan Credit Card and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, etc. (v) Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers on radio and TV. (vi) Government announces Minimum Support Price (MSP) and remunerative and procurement prices to clreck exploitation. (vii) The government provides HYV seeds and fertilisers. (viii) Government provides technical assistance and training for farmers. (ix) Soil testing facilities, cold storage and transportation facilities are provided by government for farmers..
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Answer:
The various technological and institutional reforms consist of various measures taken by the Central and State governments from time to time. Flooding of fields with water is now being replaced by drip irrigation and the use of sprinklers. Chemical fertilizers are being used on a large scale, to increase the farm yields.