Explain term intelligence and their types and importance
Answers
In 1983 an American developmental psychologist Howard Gardener described 9 types of intelligence [1]:
Naturalist (nature smart)
Musical (sound smart)
Logical-mathematical (number/reasoning smart)
Existential (life smart)
Interpersonal (people smart)
Bodily-kinesthetic (body smart)
Linguistic (word smart)
Intra-personal (self smart)
Spatial (picture smart)
What other scientists thought were just soft-skills, such as interpersonal skills, Gardener realized were types of intelligence. It makes sense. Just as being a math whiz gives you the ability to understand the world, so does being “people smart” give you the same ability, just from a different perspective. Not knowing math you may not calculate the rate at which the universe is expanding, but you are likely to have the skills to find the right person who will.
The 9 Types of Intelligence
Here is an overview of the multiple intelligences theory, summarized by ASCD [2]:
1. Naturalist Intelligence
2. Musical Intelligence
3. Logical-Mathematical Intelligence
4. Existential Intelligence
5. Interpersonal Intelligence
6. Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
7. Linguistic Intelligence
8. Intra-personal Intelligence
9. Spatial Intelligence