Question

Explain tetrahedral nature of carbon atom by taking the example of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons.​

Answer 1

This basically that carbon has four valence electrons ( outer electrons that are available for forming bonds with other atoms ) ....

Hence carbon as an element has the ability to form a variety of stable compounds, which can exist freely in nature . Example saturated hydrocarbons like propane and ethane

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Answer 2

Tetrahedral carbon: A carbon atom with four attachments, and bond angles of approximately 109.5°. The overall shape is that of a tetrahedron (i.e., a pyramid with all faces being equilateral triangles, or nearly so). The carbon atoms use sp³ orbitals to achieve this geometry. When all four attachments are different, the carbon is a stereocenter.

Saturated hydrocarbons: contain only carbon-carbon single bonds.

Unsaturated hydrocarbons: contain carbon-carbon double or triple bonds (more hydrogens can be added). In the carbon-carbon double bond, two pairs of electrons are being shared, leaving the carbon free to bond to two other things.