Question

explain the 2nd law of thermodynamics

Answer 1

1️⃣The second law of thermodynamics states that for a spontaneous change in an isolated system, the change in entropy is positive.

2️⃣The entropy is a measure of degree of randomness in system.

3️⃣For example water spontaneously changes from ice in solid state to water in liquid state to steam in gaseous state because the degree of randomness (or entropy) is the maximum in gaseous state.

Answer 2

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⭐The Laws of Thermodynamics ⭐

=> The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics states that "Two systems in thermal equilibrium with a third system separately, are in thermal equilibrium with each other..."

=> The First Law of Thermodynamics states that "Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed, but can only be converted from one form to another, and can only be transferred from one system to another..."

=> The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that "The entropy of the universe always increases in every spontaneous natural process..."

• According to Kelvin-Planck's statement, "It is impossible to devise a cyclically operating device, whose sole effect is the absorption of energy in the form of heat from a single from reservoir, and the performance of an equivalent amount of work..."
• According to Claussius' statement, "In no process can the heat transfer from a colder to a warmer object take place without some other change, connected therewith, occurring at the same time..."

=> The Third Law of Thermodynamics states that "The entropy of a perfectly crystalline substance approaches zero, as its temperature approaches the absolute zero..."

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