Explain the A.C. electric generator under the following headings:
(a) Principle
(6) Labelled diagram
(c) Working method
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
Answer: Principal
ANSWER-
(a) Principle
Electric generator works on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Construction: A loop ABCD is rotated in a permanent magnetic field. Its ends are connected with two semi-circular rings as shown in the figure below. These rings are insulated from each other and can slide while remaining in contact with brushes X and Y. A galvanometer is connected between the two ends of the brush.
Working: On rotating the loop in a magnetic field, the side AB moves upward and the side CD moves downwards. Thus magnetic flux linked with the loop changes and a current is induced in it whose direction can be determined by Flemings right hand rule.In the figure, the current is flowing through the path
B-A-G-D-C.
(b) Diagram
given above in the attachment
(c) Working Method
After half rotation, the ring P comes in contact with brush Y and the ring Q, comes in contact with brush X. Thus, the brush X is always in contact with the side moving upwards and brush Y is always in contact with side moving downwards as a result of which the current flows in one direction. This current is called direct current. This type of generator is called D.C. generator. Similarly, instead of a half ring, if a full ring is used then, A.C. current can be generated and such a generator is called an A.C. generator.
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