Explain the achievements of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Value Based Question At very young age, Shivaji got the inspiration-"Th
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The Sikhs certainly became weak after the death of their leader Banda but did not lose their military spirit. They frequently troubled Ahmad Shah Abdali during his invasions on India. Ahmad Shah Abdali did not come to India after 1767. The Sikhs utilised that opportunity to their advantage and, excepting Lahore, they gradually occupied all territory extending from Saharanpur in the East to Attock in the West and from Jammu in the North to the Kangra in the South. However, they were divided into twelve misls. Each misl had its own chief. They usually engaged themselves in fighting one another. The credit of organising these misls into one strong state goes to Maharaja Ranjit Singh.
Treaty between Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the English and Fateh Singh
Sardar Maha Singh, the father of Ranjit Singh, was the chief of the Sukarchakia misl. Ranjit Singh was born in 1780, Maha Singh died in 1792 and Ranjit Singh succeeded him hardly at the age of twelve. Ahmad Shah Abdali was succeeded by Timur Shah and Zaman Shah respectively in Afghanistan. Zaman Shah attacked Punjab several times during the period 1795-98. Ranjit Singh served him well during the course of his third attack. In return, Zaman Shah appointed him the subedar of Lahore and bestowed on him the title of Raja. In 1802, Ranjit Singh captured Amritsar. When the English were apprehensive of a combined attack of Napoleon Bonaparte and Zaman Shah on India, they offered presents worth ten thousand to Ranjit Singh. In return, Ranjit Singh refused to help Jaswant Rao Holkar against the English. In 1806, Ranjit Singh, the English and Fateh Singh, the Sikh chief of Kapurthala entered into a treaty by which it was agreed that if the Sikhs did not interfere in the affairs of the English, the English, in turn, would not interfere in the affairs of Punjab. The treaty made Ranjit Singh free to conquer the territory north and west of the river Satlaj.
The treaty of Amritsar
The treaty of Amritsar was signed between the two parties on April 25, 1809. Its terms were as follows :
The English accepted the possession by Ranjit Singh of over forty-five parganas north of the river Satlaj.
Ranjit Singh accepted the protection of the British over the Cis-Satlaj states.
The river Satlaj was accepted as the dividing line between the territories of the English and Ranjit Singh.
The English and Ranjit Singh accepted perpetual friendship between each other.
Ranjit Singh observed the terms of this treaty throughout his life though it put a permanent check on his ambition to unite all Sikh states under him. The English were certainly benefited by this treaty. Sarkar and Datta write: “The British frontier was now pushed from the Jamuna to the Satlaj and British troops were posted at Ludhiana.”
When the English put a check on the advance of Ranjit Singh towards the East, he attempted to extend his kingdom towards the West and the North. At that time the Gurkhas, under Amar Singh Thapa, were trying to conquer the Kangra Valley. Ranjit Singh moved first and captured Kangra from its ruler Sansar Singh in August 1809. He made treaties with the neighbouring hill-chiefs and, with their help, checked the return of Amar Singh Thapa. Amar Singh could return only after paying rupees one lakh to Ranjit Singh. Thereafter, Ranjit Singh conquered all Sikh states west of the river Satlaj. Shah Shuja, the Amir of Afghanistan, was forced to leave Afghanistan. He sought protection of Ranjit Singh. Ranjit Singh provided shelter to him but secured from him the famous diamond Koh-i-noor. Ranjit Singh, in July 1813 also captured Attock. The first attempt of Ranjit Singh in 1814 to capture Kashmir failed. But ultimately, he succeeded in his third attempt and captured it in 1819. Ranjit Singh tried to capture Multan. He repeatedly attempted to do so in 1803, 1807, 1816 and 1817 but failed. But his attack on Multan in 1818 succeeded and he occupied it. In 1820 and 1821, Ranjit Singh conquered Dera Ghazi Khan, Dera Ismail Khan, Bakhar, Leh and Mankera. In 1823, he captured Peshawar from the Afghans. Ranjit Singh desired to conquer Sindh as well but here, as was the case with the Cis-Satlaj states, the English put a check on his ambition and he could not even-attempt for its annexation. Thus, Ranjit Singh struggled all through his life to extend his kingdom and he largely
Explanation:
the achievements are:
he became the chief of sukerchakia misl in 1792.
he conquered Lahore in 1799.
he captured amritsar in 1802.
he proclaimed his rule over all of Punjab between the sutlej and indus river.
founder and king of the sikh kingdom in punjab.
creating a strong army that could its own against raising forces.