Explain the adiabatic demagnetization of liquefaction of gases
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Adiabatic demagnetisation.
Generally, the method used to reach the very low temperature of about 10 K is adiabatic demagnetisation. In this method the paramagnetic samples such as Gadolinium sulphate is placed surrounding the gas sample and cooled to about 1K along with the gas in any one of the cooling methods. The paramagnetic sample used in this method is suddenly magnetised by the application of strong magnetic field. This magnetisation (ordering of molecular magnets) occurs while the sample surrounds the cooled gas and has thermal contact with the walls of the container. When the magnetic field is suddenly removed, demagnetisation occurs which brings in a disordered state of the molecular magnets. To reach this state thermal energy is taken away from the cooled air such that its temperature gets further lowered. By this technique, as low as zero kelvin can be reached.
This is adiabatic demagnetization.
Generally, the method used to reach the very low temperature of about 10 K is adiabatic demagnetisation. In this method the paramagnetic samples such as Gadolinium sulphate is placed surrounding the gas sample and cooled to about 1K along with the gas in any one of the cooling methods. The paramagnetic sample used in this method is suddenly magnetised by the application of strong magnetic field. This magnetisation (ordering of molecular magnets) occurs while the sample surrounds the cooled gas and has thermal contact with the walls of the container. When the magnetic field is suddenly removed, demagnetisation occurs which brings in a disordered state of the molecular magnets. To reach this state thermal energy is taken away from the cooled air such that its temperature gets further lowered. By this technique, as low as zero kelvin can be reached.
This is adiabatic demagnetization.
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