Explain the architecture of micro controller and its components
Answers
A microcontroller is essentially a small computer on a chip. Like any computer, it has memory, and can be programmed to do calculations, receive input, and generate output. Unlike a PC, it incorporates memory, a CPU, peripherals and I/O interfaces into a single chip.
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MICRO CONTROLLER-A micro controller is essentially a small computer on a chip. A micro controller also called an embedded controller because the micro controller and its support circuits are often built into, or embedded in, the devices they control.
ARCHITECTURE:-
Computer architecture is a huge topic in itself. We will just develop a general picture of how the A V R micro controller works. It has a Harvard architecture. This means that the program and data are stored in separate memory spaces which are accessible simultaneously. Therefore, while one instruction is being executed, the next one can be fetched. This is partly how one execution per clock cycle can be achieved. With other micro controller architectures, there is only 1 way to access memory, so executions and program instruction access must be done alternately.
ITS COMPONENTS:-
) A microcontroller basically contains one or more following components:
Central processing unit(CPU)
Random Access Memory)(RAM)
Read Only Memory(ROM)
Input/output ports
Timers and Counters
Interrupt Controls
Analog to digital converters
Digital analog converters
Serial interfacing ports
Oscillatory circuits
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