explain the band structure by using E-K Diagram
Answers
An E-k diagram shows characteristics of a particular semiconductor material. It shows the relationship between the energy and momentum of available quantum mechanical states for electrons in the material.
First, consider a basic E-k band diagram like this one (the x-axis can be either momentum, pp, or wavenumber, kk, since p=ℏkp=ℏk):
In this diagram you can see a few things:
The band gap (EG), which is the difference in energy between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band.
The effective mass of electrons and holes in the material. This is given by the curvature of each of the bands.
This diagram indicates (diagramatically) how the actual electron states are equally spaced in k-space. Which means that the density of states in E (ρ(E)ρ(E)) depends on the slope of the E-k curve.
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