Question

Explain the basic structure of a virus and how it replicates

Answer 1

1. Attachment. The virus recognises and binds to a host cell via a receptor molecule on the cell surface.Virus binding to its receptor on the cell surface.
2. Entry. The virus or its genetic material enters the cell. Routes of entry include endocytosis (in which the membrane folds inward to bring the virus into the cell in a bubble) and direct fusion of the viral particle with the membrane, releasing its contents into the cell.
3. Genome replication and gene expression. The viral genome is copied and its genes are expressed to make viral proteins. The viral genome is copied, and its genes are also expressed to make viral proteins.
4. Assembly. New viral particles are assembled from the genome copies and viral proteins.
5. Proteins of the capsid assemble around the viral genome, forming a new viral particle with the genome on the inside (encased by the capsid).
6. Release. Completed viral particles exit the cell and can infect other cells.

The first figure shows you the simple outline of viral infection mechanism

and the second mechanism shows you the figure of virus.

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