Explain the battle of plassey describing its causes , event and conservences causes?
Answers
Explanation:
The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal and his French[2] allies on 23 June 1757, under the leadership of Robert Clive. The battle consolidated the Company's presence in Bengal, which later expanded to cover much of India over the next hundred years.
Battle of Plassey
Part of the Seven Years' War
An oil-on-canvas painting depicting the meeting of Mir Jafar and Robert Clive after the Battle of Plassey by Francis Hayman
Lord Clive meeting with Mir Jafar after the Battle of Palashi, oil on canvas (Francis Hayman, c. 1762)
Date 23 June 1757
Location
Palashi, Bengal Subah
Result British victory
Territorial
changes Bengal annexed by the British East India Company.
Belligerents
Great Britain
East India Company
Mughal Empire[1]
Bengal Subah
Coat of Arms of Nawabs of Bengal.PNG Nawab of Bengal
Pavillon royal de la France.svg France
Drapeau du régiment de la Compagnie des Indes en 1756.png French East India Company
Commanders and leaders
Kingdom of Great Britain Colonel Robert Clive
Major Kilpatrick
Major Grant
Major Eyre Coote
Captain Gaupp
Capt. William Jennings
Nawab Siraj ud-Daulah
Diwan Mohanlal
Mir Madan †
Mir Jafar Ali Khan (defector)
Yar Lutuf Khan (defector)
Rai Durlabh (defector)
Pavillon royal de la France.svg St. Frais
Strength
East India Company:
750 English European soldiers
100 Topasses
2,100 Indian sepoys
100 gunners
50 sailors
8 cannon (six 6-pounders and 2 howitzers)
defectors:
15,000 cavalry of Mir Jafar
35,000 infantry
Mughal Empire:
7,000 infantry
5,000 cavalry of Siraj ud-Daulah
35,000 infantry (defected)
15,000 cavalry of Mir Jafar (defected)
53 field pieces (mostly 32, 24 and 18-pounder pieces)
Casualties and losses
22 killed
50 wounded
500 killed and wounded
The battle took place at Palashi (Anglicised version: Plassey) on the banks of the Hooghly River, about 150 kilometres (93 mi) north of Calcutta and south of Murshidabad, then capital of Bengal (now in Murshidabad district in West Bengal). The belligerents were the Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah, the last independent Nawab of Bengal, and the British East India Company. Siraj-ud-Daulah had become the Nawab of Bengal the year before, and he ordered the English to stop the extension of their fortification. Robert Clive bribed Mir Jafar, the commander-in-chief of the Nawab's army, and also promised him to make him Nawab of Bengal. Clive defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah at Plassey in 1757 and captured Calcutta.[3]
The battle was preceded by an attack on British-controlled Calcutta by Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah and the Black Hole massacre. The British sent reinforcements under Colonel Robert Clive and Admiral Charles Watson from Madras to Bengal and recaptured Calcutta. Clive then seized the initiative to capture the French fort of Chandernagar.[4] Tensions and suspicions between Siraj-ud-daulah and the British culminated in the Battle of Plassey. The battle was waged during the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), and, in a mirror of their European rivalry, the French East India Company (La Compagnie des Indes Orientales)[2] sent a small contingent to fight against the British. Siraj-ud-Daulah had a numerically superior force and made his stand at Plassey. The British, worried about being outnumbered, formed a conspiracy with Siraj-ud-Daulah's demoted army chief Mir Jafar, along with others such as Yar Lutuf Khan, Jagat Seths (Mahtab Chand and Swarup Chand), Umichand and Rai Durlabh. Mir Jafar, Rai Durlabh and Yar Lutuf Khan thus assembled their troops near the battlefield but made no move to actually join the battle. Siraj-ud-Daulah's army with 50,000 soldiers, 40 cannons and 10 war elephants was defeated by 3,000 soldiers of Col. Robert Clive, owing to the flight of Siraj-ud-Daulah from the battlefield and the inactivity of the conspirators. The battle ended in 11 hours.
This is judged to be one of the pivotal battles in the control of Indian subcontinent by the colonial powers. The British now wielded enormous influence over the Nawab and consequently acquired significant concessions for previous losses and revenue from trade. The British further used this revenue to increase their military might and push the other European colonial powers such as the Dutch and the French out of South Asia, thus expanding the British Empire