Question

Explain the buffer mechanism of a mixture of a weak acid and its salt with a strong base

Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

Acidic Buffer Solution

It is a solution containing a weak acid and soluble ionic salt of weak acid with a strong base.

For example a solution containing CH3COOH and its salt CH3COONa. In this buffer, the more acidic component (reserve acidity) is CH3COOH and the more basic component (reserve alkalinity) is CH3COO- ions supplied by the salt. The dissociation occurs as follows:

CH3COOH (aq) ←→ CH3COO- (aq) + H+(aq)……partial

CH3COONa (aq) → CH3COO- (aq) + Na+ (aq)……complete

Suppose a small amount of strong acid is added to the buffer solution. The H+ ions of the acid react with the basic component, CH3COO- in the buffer.

CH3COO- (aq) + H+ (aq) → Ch3COOH (aq)

Most of the added H+ ions are consumed because concentration of CH3COO- in the buffer is high. The reaction nearly goes to completion because Ch3COOH is a weak acid and its ions have a strong tendency to form non-ionized CH3COOH molecules. Due to removal of most of the added H+, there is no appreciable decrease in pH

2. If a small quantity of base is added, the OH- ions are consumed by the acidic component CH3COOH

CH3COOH (aq) + OH-(aq) → CH3COO- (aq) + H2O (l)

Answer 2

Answer:

ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴀ ᴡᴇᴀᴋ ᴀᴄɪᴅ ᴀɴᴅ ɪᴛs ᴄᴏɴᴊᴜɢᴀᴛᴇ ʙᴀsᴇ (ᴏʀ ᴀ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ᴀ ᴡᴇᴀᴋ ʙᴀsᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ɪᴛs ᴄᴏɴᴊᴜɢᴀᴛᴇ ᴀᴄɪᴅ) ɪs ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀ ʙᴜғғᴇʀ sᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ, ᴏʀ ᴀ ʙᴜғғᴇʀ. ʙᴜғғᴇʀ sᴏʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴs ʀᴇsɪsᴛ ᴀ ᴄʜᴀɴɢᴇ ɪɴ ᴘʜ ᴡʜᴇɴ sᴍᴀʟʟ ᴀᴍᴏᴜɴᴛs ᴏғ ᴀ sᴛʀᴏɴɢ ᴀᴄɪᴅ ᴏʀ ᴀ sᴛʀᴏɴɢ ʙᴀsᴇ ᴀʀᴇ ᴀᴅᴅᴇᴅ (ғɪɢᴜʀᴇ .. ).