Explain the C-O bond is much shorter in phenol than in ethanol.
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carboon and oxygen (covalent bond) make double bond one sigma and one π . so it's make stronger then ethanol attached with c-c bond that not make stronger.
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Hey !!
The C-O bond is much shorter in phenol than in ethanol because in phenol, conjugation of unshared electron pair of oxygen with aromatic ring results in partial double bond character in carbon-oxygen bond. In phenol, oxygen is attached to sp² hybridised carbon atom while in methanol it is attached to sp³ hybridised carbon atom. The bond formed between oxygen and sp² hybridised carbon is more stable, shorter than that formed between oxygen and sp³ hybridised carbon.
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