Question

Explain the chapter 11 - Respiration in Organism [ TELANGANA STATE SYLLABUS ]

Answer 1

• Respiration is required for living organisms to survive. 

• It takes energy from the food and releases it.

• Glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide and water with the oxygen we breathe.

• In the process, energy is released.

• Glucose is broken down in an organism's cells (cellular respiration).

• Food is broken down by anaerobic respiration during strenuous activity when the supply of oxygen to our muscle cells is insufficient (without oxygen)

Types of Respiration

1. External Respiration:

• External respiration, often known as breathing, is the process of taking oxygen from the air and exhaling carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere.

• Gases are exchanged in and out of the blood at the same time.

1. Internal Respiration:

• Food is broken down in body cells by numerous chemical processes during internal respiration.

• Internal respiration is divided into two categories:

Aerobic Respiration:

• Anaerobic respiration occurs when there is no oxygen present.

• The majority of microorganisms are capable of anaerobic respiration. 

• At the end of anaerobic respiration, alcohol and carbon dioxide are produced. 

• Lactic acid is generated at the end of anaerobic respiration in some circumstances.

Aerobic Respiration:

• Aerobic respiration occurs when oxygen is present.

• The end products of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide and water. 

• Aerobic respiration occurs in the majority of organisms.

Respiration in Plants:

• Plants breathe through pores called stomata, which allow gaseous exchange via diffusion.

• Lenticels are apertures in stems that allow gaseous exchange via diffusion.

• Stomatal pores in roots allow for the gaseous exchange of oxygen dissolved in soil water.

Respiration in Animals:

• Animals' respiration differs depending on their personality, such as:

• Earthworms use their skin for respiration.

• Insects do respiration through the entire body surface.

• Gills are used by fish to breathe.

• Frogs do respiration through their thin, moist, and smooth skin in the water and through their lungs on land.

Respiration in Humans:

• Inhaled air enters the nasal cavity through the nostrils and then into the lungs via the windpipe.

• Breathing is a portion of the respiration process, in which an organism takes in oxygen-rich air and exhales carbon dioxide-rich air. 

• Distinct creatures have different respiratory organs for gas exchange.

• Our lungs expand during intake and subsequently contract when the air leaves our bodies during exhalation.

• The pace of breathing is accelerated by increased physical exertion.

• The respiratory organs and breathing process of animals such as cows, buffaloes, dogs, and cats are comparable to those in humans.

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