Question

Explain the characteristics of solids, liquids and gases - based on rigidity, volume, mass, inter-molecular spaces and inter-molecular forces of attraction?

Answer 1

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SOLID :

•strong intermolecular forces
•particles vibrate in place
•low kinetic energy (KE)
•definite shape
•definite volume
•incompressible
●high density (as compared to same substance as a liquid or gas)
●low rate of diffusion (millions of times slower than in liquids)
may be crystalline or amorphous


LIQUID :

•moderately strong intermolecular forces
•fluid - particles slip/slide past each other
moderate KE - enough to “stretch” the intermolecular forces
•indefinite shape
•definite volume
•incompressible
●only slightly less dense (about 10%) than solids
●able to diffuse
●exhibit surface tension
●exhibit capillary action
●exhibit viscosity


GAS :

•weak intermolecular forces
•fluid - particles move easily
•high KE - enough to break all •intermolecular forces
•indefinite shape
•indefinite volume
●easily compressed
●low density (approx. 1000 times less dense than the same substance as a liquid or solid)
able to diffuse
●exert pressure on any surface with which they collide

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Answer 2

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ANSWER ☺☺

⭐ Rigidity ⭐

•Solids are rigid and can't be broken chemically
•Liquids are not as rigid as solid but can synthesised chemically into hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio 2:1
•Gases are not rigid but they can be easily synthesised chemically

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⭐Volume ⭐

•Solids have definite volume since they the particles in solid are densely packed and cannot move ,as a result they don't change their shape and volume.
•In liquids the particles are close to each other ,since liquid do not compress they have a fixed volume
•Gases can flow and occupy the shape of the container since they can be compressed they don't have a fixed volume. .

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⭐Mass⭐

•Solids have a fixed mass since they have strong force of attraction
•In liquids particles possess Lil bit of force of attraction so the mass of liquid varies to conditions
•Gases don't possess forceof attraction so they don't have a fixed mass

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⭐Inter molecular space ⭐

•In Solids particles are densely packed and particles don't move from one and another. ...though particles of matter are motion but in Solids particles vibrate so there is less intermolecular space
•In liquids the particles are close to each other. ..and can flow ...and slide from each other. ...the inter molecular space is more compared to Solids
•In gases particles move anyhow so they have a larger intermolecular space as compared to Solids and liquids

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⭐Intermolecular forces of attraction ⭐

•The intermolecular force of attraction in Solids is strong since the particles of Solids are bounded they have a fixed geometrical shape
•The intermolecular force of attraction in liquids is slightly less compared to Solids since the particles of liquids have enough intermolecular space to slide they acquire the shape of container
•Gases don't have intermolecular force of attraction since the particles of gas are far enough from each other they acquire the shape of the whole container

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